Financial accounting Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Financial accounting - Assignment Example In the context of a company or a business unit, an income is what is mostly referred to as the earnings after interest, depreciation and tax (EADIT). The gain can be described as an increase in the amount of revenue and/or income by a specific amount, as compared to a previous figure (Gupta 213-250). According to IAS 18, revenue is supposed to be recognized exclusively under the following criteria: when a business unit has completed the transfer of ownership of goods; when a business has ceased exercising applicable managerial authorities and has given up any form of control over the goods; when the amount of the expected revenue can be determined with consistency; when it is certain that financial inflows resulting from a certain business transaction will be directed to an entity; and when expenditures and costs related to a business transaction can be measured with consistency (Christian and Lu?denbach 64-87). On the other hand, revenues obtained through the provision of services s hould be recognized â€Å"where the outcome of a transaction involving the rendering of services can be estimated reliably, associated revenue should be recognized by reference to the stage of completion of the transaction at the end of the reporting period. The importance of distinguishing between the terms in financial reporting is to facilitate the provision of reliable material information to the users of financial statement (International GAAP 328). The case study IBI Ryan PLC (the company) is a wholesaler of a wide range of consumer electronic, computing and telecommunications products. The company imports the bulk of its goods using container transportation and distributes from large regional warehouses to its customers, who range from individuals who have ordered on-line to large national retail chains. The company is finalizing financial statements for the year ended 31st March 2013. The company has experienced significant fluctuations in revenue and profits over the last 5 years. The financial statements as currently prepared, show an operating profit of ?51 million on revenue of ?4,003 million. According to the case, the company anticipated a delivery of the goods on Sunday the 31st March, one day before the preparation of the financial statements. Unfortunately, the delivery did not happen owing to a heavy snowfall for two consecutive days until Tuesday. The sales invoices showed a total sale of ?50,000. The delivery was not made but the company’s revenue for the financial year ending 31st March includes the sale. According to the requirements of revenue recognition as stated in the international accounting standards 18, the revenue of ? 50,000 could be measured with certainty and reliability. The cost incurred during the transaction could also be measured with a satisfactory level of certainty and reliability (? 25,000). The economic benefits of the transaction would flow to the company if the transaction were finalized. However, since the delivery was not done according to plan, within the financial period, the ownership of the goods was still with IBI Ryan. That means that the company did not pass the significant risk and reward of ownership of the goods to the buyer. Secondly, the company still had managerial authority and control over the goods. Therefore, the revenue

Battle of Algiers Essay Example for Free

Battle of Algiers Essay One of the problems that continue to be a part of our modern society is the act of terrorism, which has played a major role in our modern warfare that continues to exist in the Middle Eastern regions. It is sadly a successful instrument that has been exploited by many terrorist groups through the fierce history of mankind. This method has often been approached when confronted by immeasurable odds and crushing military force that cannot be overcome by conventional methods. This act of Guerilla warfare has been witnessed before in countries such as Vietnam, Laos and in recent days Afghanistan and Iraq. The ideology behind Guerilla warfare is not only an act of retribution against the enemy forces but also an act, which the radical groups anticipate will persuade others to fall in line with their belief. In the movie, The Battle of Algiers, the same message is being persuaded by the FLN, when they rise up to go to war against the French army. The filmmaker Gillo Pontecorvo captures their act of retribution against the French colonizer with such scenes as, â€Å"the drive by shooting of French citizens in an ambulance† or the suicide bombings at different locations crowded with French citizens. These scenes convey a message, which is rarely shown in modern films today, as the scenes not only create a positive attitude towards the act of vengeance but also makes it seem acceptable to take the lives of innocent individuals in order to gain the freedom of your nation and your people. Nevertheless, Stone in his article of Reel Terrorism portrays these acts quite differently as he envisions them from the viewpoint of an Islamic retribution rather than a revolution of freedom through war. In his article, Stone continues to portray an image of Islam being at the center of the film, which in my opinion is absolutely incorrect, as it not only takes away the freedom that these men and women fought for but also creates the central idea that the only reason the people of Algiers rose against the colonists is not because of oppression but rather because they wanted to bring back Islamic principles in order to purify their nation, which had been tainted by Western influence. In my opinion Stone focuses more on the metaphors that he himself creates from the movie, which seem to be greatly influenced from what the western media has portrayed the Middle Eastern freedom fighter to be in this modern warfare. Stone also continues to use this characterization of Islam within the movie in relationship to the ongoing war between America and terrorism. In the article, he mentions that it seemed reasonable to invade Afghanistan that was ruled by the Taliban, who are cruel to women, sheltered Bin Laden, and hated Americans. This quotation by Stone not only approves the act of vengeance, which he himself finds to be inappropriate within the movie but also makes it seem reasonable for Americans to become the colonizer within Afghanistan and to change their religious faith to be more acceptable in society. Nevertheless, Stones usage of characterization of Islam within the movie takes away the message that Pontecorvo was trying to portray in his movie, which was to show the audience the stand that people have to take against the colonizer in order to preserve their cultural heritage from becoming extinct.

Franz Kafka :: essays research papers fc

...Once more the odious courtesies began, the first handed the knife across K. to the second, who handed it across K. back again to the first. K. now perceived clearly that he was supposed to seize the knife himself, as it traveled from hand to hand above him, and plunge it into his own breast. But he did not do so, he merely turned his head, which was still free to move, and gazed around him. He could not completely rise to the occasion, he could not relieve the officials of all their tasks; the responsibility for this last failure of his lay with him who had not left him the remnant of strength necessary for the deed.... --from The Trial Franz Kafka, b. Prague, Bohemia (then belonging to Austria), July 3, 1883, d. June 3, 1924, has come to be one of the most influential writers of this century. Virtually unknown during his lifetime, the works of Kafka have since been recognized as symbolizing modern man's anxiety-ridden and grotesque alienation in an unintelligible, hostile, or indifferent world. Kafka came from a middle-class Jewish family and grew up in the shadow of his domineering shopkeeper father, who impressed Kafka as an awesome patriarch. The feeling of impotence, even in his rebellion, was a syndrome that became a pervasive theme in his fiction. Kafka did well in the prestigious German high school in Prague and went on to receive a law degree in 1906. This allowed him to secure a livelihood that gave him time for writing, which he regarded as the essence--both blessing and curse--of his life. He soon found a position in the semipublic Workers' Accident Insurance institution, where he remained a loyal and su ccessful employee until--beginning in 1917-- tuberculosis forced him to take repeated sick leaves and finally, in 1922, to retire. Kafka spent half his time after 1917 in sanatoriums and health resorts, his tuberculosis of the lungs finally spreading to the larynx. Kafka lived his life in emotional dependence on his parents, whom he both loved and resented. None of his largely unhappy love affairs could wean him from this inner dependence; though he longed to marry, he never did. Sexually, he apparently oscillated between an ascetic aversion to intercourse, which he called "the punishment for being together," and an attraction to prostitutes. Sex in Kafka's writings is frequently connected with dirt or guilt and treated as an attractive abomination.

Looking at “The Withered Arm” by Thomas Hardy Essay

Looking at â€Å"The Withered Arm† and at least two other short stories, comment on how Thomas Hardy uses the female characters to influence the reader’s response To prepare for this essay I have read a selection of Thomas Hardy’s short stories: â€Å"The Withered Arm†, â€Å"The Melancholy Hussar of the German Legion†, â€Å"The Distracted Preacher†, â€Å"Tony Kytes, the Arch Deceiver† and â€Å"Absent-mindedness in a Parish Choir†. The first three stories have been studied more closely than the latter two, and will be used to answer the essay title. Given that a reader’s response may be influenced by many factors, such as time of reading, gender, and personal values it is still clear how Hardy expects his readers to respond. Hardy has moulded the language in many ways, resulting in an intricately woven and complex idea of each character in the reader’s mind. There are certain similarities in each story. Hardy seems to use clever twists of coincidences which are not the fault of the unfortunate character/s involved. Tragedy and death also tend to characterise his stories, for example, Matthà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½us and Christoph are shot and Rhoda Brook’s son is hanged. The reputation of women plays a big part in all three of the short stories. â€Å"The Withered Arm† differs from the other two stories as it has two main women characters, who are naturally compared, in a subtle but effective manner. Rhoda Brook is first introduced into the story through another characters speech, as â€Å"she† and later in the sentence is described as a â€Å"thin worn milkmaid†. This gives the reader a clear picture of Rhoda before she even enters the story: she is shown as little more than a solitary victim of other people’s gossip. Hardy then presents Rhoda in her home, which is in the lonely and rural countryside. The house is made of mud-walls and is rather rundown and ramshackle: â€Å"in the thatch above a rafter showed like a bone protruding through the skin†. The house and Rhoda seem similar as their looks are both past their best. Rhoda is often presented in the context of a serious and lonely landscape: â€Å"thick clouds made the atmosphere dark†. Rhoda is never a happy character and Hardy shows this well, through descriptions of gloomy landscapes. Rhoda has broken social convention by having a son out of marriage and it seems as if she is being punished for this as the story unravels. Rhoda struggles to look after her son alone, and lives in near poverty. Rhoda does not seem particularly disturbed by her situation but it has cut her off from the rest of the small farming community. Hardy has cleverly associated Rhoda with sadness and superstition. Whenever Rhoda is being mentioned in the story the atmosphere is anxious, sad or tense, for example: â€Å"Brook felt like a guilty thing†. Initially, Hardy places Gertrude on the bright forefront, emphasizing her outgoing, carefree personality, while Rhoda is left as a figure in the background. Rhoda’s speech is limited but even when she does speak it is normally about Gertrude. Hardy uses Rhoda to show the harshness of social convention on women. Rhoda is eventually so excluded from her community that she moves away. Rhoda is threatened by her reputation as she does not want Gertrude to find out about her being the possible cause of the damaged arm. Overall, Rhoda’s situation provokes a sympathetic response from the reader. Gertrude is initially introduced into the story with the landscape in her favour: â€Å"the low sun was full in her face, rendering every feature, shade, and contour distinct†. She is shown as generous, caring, (helping those less fortunate than herself) gentle and innocent; emotionally and sexually. Her speech and behaviour are described with gentle language: â€Å"innocent young thing†. Gertrude changes considerably over time, and is slowly transformed into the spectre of Rhoda’s dream. Hardy prepares the reader by starting to taint Gertrude with Rhoda’s main associations, and gradually Gertrude becomes a darker and more sinister figure. This is shown clearly when Gertrude’s subconscious mind is praying: â€Å"O Lord, hang some innocent or guilty person soon†. She is described as â€Å"cunning†, â€Å"shrivelled† and â€Å"furtive†. Hardy shows what a monster an innocent young woman can become while trying to cope with the harsh world of the 1800’s when her marriage and reputation is all she has. Gertrude failed her marriage in two ways, firstly she did not have children, and secondly, Farmer Lodge no longer found her attractive because of her withered arm (and this was the main motive for her wanting to cure it). Hardy showed that without a respectable marriage and children, many women felt that their lives were inadequate. Social convention and reputation ruled many women’s lives. This makes the reader feel sympathetic towards women living in that time, and highlights the amount of freedom women have today. â€Å"The Melancholy Hussar†, contains one main female character, Phyllis Grove, who is presented as a figure of the past. Throughout the story Phyllis is rarely described physically; she is an invisible character. Hardy describes Phyllis’ feelings extensively through direct authorial comment, as she says very little. Phyllis is also closely connected with the landscape, and is part of its timelessness. At the beginning of the story, Phyllis’ seclusion is shown through this: â€Å"secluded old manor houses and hamlets lie in the ravines†. In addition, the landscape at this stage in the story is very bleak, symbolising the bleakness of Phyllis’ lifestyle. Phyllis spends most of the story outside, and words describing her are most energetic outside: â€Å"climbs†, â€Å"walks† and â€Å"clambers†. When Phyllis becomes dislocated from what makes her happiest, she becomes dislocated from her landscape; Phyllis was indoors for weeks after she saw Matthà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½us and Christoph being shot. To highlight Phyllis’ shyness, she uses the fog and mist to hide her away and protect her. Hardy uses Phyllis to show women’s isolation, which can be due to men; Phyllis’ father is unsympathetic towards her situation and Phyllis’ only hope of having a better life would be through marriage. Phyllis’ life seems to be mapped out before the story unravels because she is connected with men right at the beginning of the story, in this case her father. Phyllis’ only escape from her desperate isolation seems to be to marry, suitable Humphrey Gould, and their engagement is used by Hardy to convey the fact that marriages were seen as respectable and even an accomplishment. Hardy uses the York Hussars as a contrast to â€Å"suitable† and â€Å"ordinary† Humphrey; the Hussars are shown with excitement and passion â€Å"crowds of admirers† and â€Å"foreign air†. Hardy then uses contrast once again regarding Matthà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½us Tina; this man is different and catches Phyllis’ attention. When Phyllis is with Matthà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½us she is especially alive, as her speech is direct and not shown through reported speech or authorial comment. Also, this seems to be the only time she can actually be heard. In addition, she is described using the most animated language when she is with Matthà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½us: â€Å"flushed†, â€Å"agitation†, and â€Å"shaked†. The reader wants Phyllis and Matthà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½us’ relationship to survive, as Phyllis is obviously so happy with him. This is what makes the ending so tragic. The stone wall is the place of Matthà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½us and Phyllis’ meetings, and it symbolises an important boundary between them. This figurative language used by Hardy is not only showing the physical but also the moral boundary (Phyllis’ engagement) between the two lovers. Phyllis has a quiet independence, which Hardy shows through her willingness to elope with Matthà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½us; she is prepared to defy social convention. Hardy shows Phyllis as a victim of circumstance and coincidence, because when she hears that Humphrey has bought her a present, the only thing that holds her back from eloping is her conscience and honesty. Here Hardy indicates that one small, seemingly insignificant moment can change one’s life forever. This can make the reader feel quite insecure and that the world is unjust; Phyllis suffered for the rest of her life simply because she was a good person. Irony is used when Phyllis is buried near Christoph and Matthà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½us, near the wall where Matthà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½us and her met. The most well known marriage vow contains â€Å"until death do us part†, though ironically they failed to be together in life, and death brought them together. It is also ironic because marriage was meant to be Phyllis’ escape from her secluded life but in fact it was marriage that prevented her freedom. Hardy’s harsh world also extends to men: for example in â€Å"The Withered Arm† when Rhoda Brooks’ son is hanged. In fact, Matthà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½us and Christoph were subtly shown as heroes because they took the blame for the other two people found in the boat and as a result were shot. The final story â€Å"The Distracted Preacher† contains one main female character, Lizzy Newberry. Lizzy completely strays from the social conventions of the time. Lizzy, like Rhoda, is introduced to the reader through someone else’s speech, but in a completely different manner: â€Å"she won’t have† is used when Mr Stockdale is being informed about her, telling you immediately that she is confident and assertive. Lizzy’s personality is also shown through her leading Mr Stockdale to various destinations and giving him instructions. Hardy makes it clear that Mr Stockdale cannot take her for granted as he is always the one waiting for her and how he looks forward to seeing her: Mr Stockdale â€Å"longed for the morrow†. He cannot control her life as she is so independent and unpredictable. The environment surrounding Lizzy is â€Å"snug and cheerful†, unlike the rural countryside of Rhoda’s and Phyllis’. Other environments associated with Lizzy are smugglers caves such as â€Å"Daggers Grave†; these show her life as exciting and exhilarating. Hardy makes Lizzy the first to speak between her and Mr Stockdale; she is confident as she is the one that approaches him. Lizzy being a widow puts her in a good position as she can be sexually experienced yet single, without it being a scandal. Hardy uses very sophisticated language to describe Lizzy, this shows her subtle superiority and sophistication. He also uses animated language such as â€Å"ascended the hill† and â€Å"tripped at a quickening pace† to show her freedom. Hardy shows Mr Stockdale as rather naà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ve, by him automatically assuming that a conversation is about love or marriage, when Lizzy is talking to the miller. Also, it takes him a long time to understand what Lizzy does to make money, even after so many clues: Lizzy’s irregular sleeping patterns, her absence from her bedroom at night and him discovering a man’s freshly washed clothes in his room. Lizzy dresses like a man when going smuggling, symbolising her masculinity. In fact, Lizzy is like the man of the house; she makes all the choices and makes money. At one point, Lizzy handles money and this is very symbolic of her freedom. In the other two stories men are hurt physically and in this story Hardy uses this to show Lizzy as masculine; she was shot in the hand. In â€Å"The Withered Arm† Rhoda is jealous of Gertrude for being with Farmer Lodge, and in â€Å"The Melancholy Hussar† Phyllis stays inside for four weeks because she is so upset about Matthà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½us. In this story, however, Mr Stockdale gets upset about Lizzy. For a few days he becomes â€Å"sad† and â€Å"restrained† when he starts to suspect that there might be another man in Lizzy’s life. Also, there is a lack of choices for Mr Stockdale regarding his job â€Å"brought with a single eye to ministry†; in the previous stories the women tend to lack choices. Social convention expected women to centre their lives around men but Lizzy was not prepared to give up her life for a man. Lizzy even suggests that Mr Stockdale gives up his ministry to marry her. I think Hardy implies that money plays a big part in independence, because in the previous short stories women were restrained because of their lack of money, and in this story Lizzy is economically independent and has freedom. â€Å"Render unto Caesar the things that are Caesar’s† â€Å"†He’s dead,† she pouted.† This quote shows Lizzy’s rebelliousness but ironically, she ends up writing a book called â€Å"Render unto Caesar†. Lizzy’s marriage and apology to Mr Stockdale show that she eventually conformed to social convention. In the author’s note Hardy says he would have preferred Lizzy to marry Jim the smuggler, and emigrate to America, and that the other ending was only written because of the expectations of the time of publishing. So, even Hardy had to conform to the conventions of the day. The latter ending is more modern and clearly shows the influence of time on Hardy and his admiration of Lizzy. Throughout these short stories Hardy has shown a wide range of characters and has used different women in varying ways to achieve different purposes. Hardy is shown to have a good understanding of the women in that time through these stories. Even though all three of the short stories were written in the third person, Hardy has used language ingeniously. He has evoked many responses from the reader, but predominantly it is one of sympathy for the women.

Enzymes Laboratory Report

ENZYMES LABORATORY REPORT Introduction The utilization of any complex molecule for energy by an organism is dependent on a process called hydrolysis. Hydrolysis breaks complex molecules into simpler molecules using water. Similarly, the process that is the reverse of this is called dehydration synthesis, which removes water from simpler molecules. However, because hydrolysis occurs very slowly, living organisms use biochemical’s called enzymes to speed up the reaction. In this lab exercise, we studied the nature of enzyme actions using live yeast cells as our source of sucrose. The enzyme will then break the sucrose into one molecule of glucose and fructose. Because sucrose is a large molecule that cannot enter most cells, yeast will produce sucrase and secrete it into cell membranes. The sucrose will be hydrolyzed into small six-carbon monosaccharide’s which can enter into the cell membranes. The sucrose can be obtained from a 0. 5 percent solution of â€Å"dry baker’s yeast in water†. In parts A and B, the experiment will study the optimal temperature under which the yeast cells degrade sucrose using varying pH and temperature of the environment surrounding the yeast cells. Part C will study the effects of extreme heat on enzyme activity and part D will focus on the saturation point for enzymes using varying substrate concentrations. Materials and Procedure See pg 79-82 section: Enzymes â€Å"Experiments in Biology from Chemistry to Sex† Fifth Edition By Linda R. Van Thiel Results In test A. ffect of pH, the results we obtained for tube #1 was a solution color of orange and a color activity of 3. For #2 was also orange and color activity of 3. For #3 was orange and a color activity of 3, for #4 was green and a color activity of 1, and finally for #5 was blue and a color activity of 0. From our results, it shows the optimum pH is tube # 1-3. The control in this experiment was test tube 3A, with a pH of 7, as this pH was neutral. In test B. effects of tempera ture, the optimum temperature is shown on our graph to be two different points (either 24 or 60 degrees). For our results we received a solution color of blue for tube 1, and a color activity of 0. For tube 2, we received a solution color of orange and a color activity of 3. For tube 3, we received a solution color of green and a color activity of 1, for tube 4; we received a solution color of orange and a color activity of 3. Finally, for test tube 5, we received a solution color of blue, and a color activity of 0. The highest rates of activity were found in test tubes 2 and 4. The control in this experiment was test tube number 2, which was kept in the temperature environment of 24 C [room temperature]. In test C. Effect of Denaturation, the boiled sucrose and sucrase received slightly lowered color activities than the non-boiled tube. Shown on graph 8. 3, the graph begins with no movement in rate of activity followed by a steady increase in the color activity. The results show that test tube 1, which was boiled sucrase and sucrose, had a solution color of green and a color activity of 1. Test tube 2, which contained boiled sucrase had a solution color of green and a color activity of 1, test tube 3, which contained boiled sucrose, had a solution color of orange and a color activity of 3, finally test tube 4, which was neither boiled, had a solution color of red, and a color activity of 4. From the results, the neither boiled tube had the highest color activity. The control in this experiment was test tube 4, which was completely untouched. In test D. Effect if substrate concentration, the higher concentrations of sucrose received a higher color activity. The graph is represented by a constant followed by a steady drop as the concentration of sucrose decreases. The results showed that in test tube 1, which contained 100% of sucrose, the solution color was red and the solution gained a color activity of 4. In test tube 2, the concentration of sucrose of 50%, and the solution color was also red, which a color activity of 4. In test tube 3, which contained 25% sucrose, the solution color was orange, and had a color activity of 3, in test tube 4, which contained 10% concentration; the solution color was green and had a color activity of 1. In the last test tube, which had no concentration of sucrose, the solution color was blue, and had no color activity. The control in this experiment was test tube 5 which contained no sucrose at all. Discussion In the first test, the test of the effect of pH, the results show the effect of pH increases the rate of reaction as having a slightly acidic pH will increase the actual reaction while supporting a more basic pH will decrease the reaction. In our results, it shows that the pH reaches an optimum pH of 7 before decreasing. The results are not completely accurate, as the first three tubes all had a color activity of 3. The actual results should have had a slightly higher color activity for the optimum pH (which would have been from a pH of 5-6) and a lower color activity for the starting and ending pH. Experimental error may be caused by unwashed test tubes and slightly inaccurate amounts of solution being placed into test tubes. The second test consisted of the effects of Temperature. Temperature (as represented in graph 8. 2) increases rate of reaction in the enzyme until reaching an optimum point, and then decreasing rapidly. However, in our results, we were accurate until we reached the optimum point, (37 degrees). Instead of this being the highest point for rate of reaction, we obtained a color activity of 1. Because 37 degrees was the optimum temperature, this should have been the highest point and the highest rate of activity. However, we had an experimental error in the form of accidently placing the 3rd tube in the wrong temperature environment. The third test consisted of the effects of Denaturation. In this test, the tube that showed the highest color activity was tube four because it was not exposed to the higher temperatures. Enzymes that are boiled, or exposed to extreme temperatures could denature the protein component thus destroying the enzyme. However, by boiling the substrate, the enzyme’s rate of reaction increases. However in our data, the first and second test tube should have contained no color activity as such extreme temperature would have already destroyed the enzyme. There could have been experimental error in the length it took to boil the test tube as it may not have reached its required amount. The last test consisted of the Effects of Sucrose Concentration. By increasing the amount of substrate, the rate of reaction will also increase as it is more likely that substrate molecules are closer to an enzyme molecule. However, this is only true to a certain limit as demonstrated in the chart. Both test tube 1 (which contains 100% of sucrose) and test tube 2 (which contains 50% of sucrose) have the same color activity despite the significant difference in concentration. This is because the concentration of substrates has reached an approximate saturation point, which is seen in this enzymatic reaction to be 50%.

The Need for Electricians is on the Rise

The Need for Electricians is on the Rise The end of the Great Recession is worthy of celebration for several reasons, but one group of tradespeople may have even more reason to rejoice than the rest of the population: electricians. Why? Because with the recession behind them and a construction boom imminent, they are positioned to be in great demand in the years ahead. Here’s what you need to know. There’s a reason he’s so happy.A Closer Look at the NumbersAccording to the United States Department of Labor’s Bureau of Labor Statistics, the job outlook for electricians is expected to grow by a whopping 20 percent between 2012 and 2022. This significantly exceeds the average growth for all occupations.Why the increase? Jobs for electricians fluctuate based on the health of the overall economy. In times of stagnation and recession, demand for construction and maintenance drops leading to fewer jobs for these trained professionals.When the economy is healthy, however, the construction building and ma intenance industry thrives - meaning more jobs await those with the right training and qualifications.Not only that, but many older electricians turned to other types of work during the recession-era shortage. Their absence now leaves the door open to new workers in the field. Particularly with so much buzz surrounding the challenges of job seekers with bachelor’s degrees, the in-demand nature of electrical work makes it a more popular choice than ever.And considering that nearly every building has some form of electrical power, a building boom means terrific prospects for electricians.Not Just More Work, But Different WorkOther factors affecting the job market for electricians? Emerging technology related to alternative power generation - everything from solar to wind - will challenge electricians in new and exciting ways. From installation to linking these alternative sources of power to the grids, these responsibilities are expected to land with electricians, although g overnment policy may determine the extent to which employment opportunities occur.And while some manufacturing plants will shut down due to old or inefficient facilities, these closures should be outpaced by the installation and maintenance related to new manufacturing plants.What You Need to KnowElectricians require a high school diploma or its equivalent. Additionally, the majority of electricians learn the trade through a four to five year apprenticeship program, while others attend trade school. Nearly every state requires licensing before electricians can practice. This varies from state to state but typically includes a test on requirements related to electrical codes. What does it take to make it as an electrician? They typically have strong business, critical thinking, customer service, and troubleshooting skills.Because more and more people are becoming aware of the career promise in electrical work, the competition is stiff with hundreds of candidates applying for a handfu l of apprenticeships in certain regions. However, pursuing your goals despite the competition is largely regarded as worth it considering that many apprentices make more than many debt-burdened college grads: a median pay of just under $50,000 with the top earners making as much as $83,000.Even better? Ten percent of electricians are self-employed and can set their own hours.While the forecast for licensed electricians may not have looked sunny in the height of the recession, the current outlook is beyond bright - and more than reason enough to give this profession another look. Wondering about positions for electricians near you? Sign up for the innovative to get started.While the forecast for licensed electricians may not have looked sunny in the height of the recession, the current outlook is beyond bright - and more than reason enough to give this profession another look.

Rage Against the Machine essays

Rage Against the Machine essays The world we live in is a beautiful and complex ocean of experiences and adventures. So complex is the world that often one is not able to perceive the subtle powers that orchestrate our lives into mechanic roles of existence. Society has developed a machine to shape every individual character on the face of the planet into a controlled drone capable of living an independent yet monitored life amongst other mindless drones programmed to fulfill their everyday duties. This machine is not tangible, it is not something one can see, but it is something that very few people can feel and understand how it works. This machine is called conformity. It is the intricate and complicated method of producing mass numbers of robots willing to do the bidding of those in power. This machine has been documented; authors have revealed the grasp of the machine on society. Works such as the book One Flew over the Cuckoos Nest and The Dead Poets Society show the effects of conformity. These works introdu ce cases when people are aware of the machine, but want to break away from it. In One Flew over the Cuckoos Nest by Ken Kesey, a crazy hallucinating Native American in an insane ward named Chief Bromden has the power to see unreal images that depict the reality of nature. Being figments re of his imagination, Bromden is the only one who can see them and he knows the great power of the machine, conformity. Frightened of this great restraining force, Bromden battles against the machine, with encouragement from his messiah and fellow inmate, McMurphy. This book shows what effect conformity has done on the patients in the insane ward. The film The Dead Poets Society also shows the strong pressure of conformity, but in the very real lives of young men in high school trying to leave their meaningless experiences as ordinary students. The trials and hardships that they endure show how difficult such a goal will be to accomplish. But when a...

William Blake - Visionary Pre-Romantic Poet, Printer and Artist

William Blake - Visionary Pre-Romantic Poet, Printer and Artist William Blake was born in London in 1757, one of six children of a hosiery merchant. He was an imaginative child, â€Å"different† from the beginning, so he was not sent to school, but educated at home. He talked of visionary experiences from a very early age: at 10, he saw a tree filled with angels when he was wandering the countryside just outside town. He later claimed to have read Milton as a child and he began writing â€Å"Poetical Sketches† at 13. He was also interested in painting and drawing in childhood, but his parents could not afford art school, so he was apprenticed to an engraver at the age of 14. Blakes Training as an Artist The engraver to whom Blake was apprenticed was James Basire, who had made engravings of the work of Reynolds and Hogarth and was official engraver to the Society of Antiquaries. He sent Blake to draw the tombs and monuments at Westminster Abbey, a task which brought him to his lifelong love of Gothic art. When his 7-year apprenticeship was complete, Blake entered the Royal Academy, but did not stay long, and continued to support himself making engraved book illustrations. His Academy teachers urged him to adopt a simpler, less extravagant style, but Blake was enamored of grand historical paintings and ancient ballads. Blakes Illuminated Printing In 1782, William Blake married Catherine Boucher, an illiterate farmer’s daughter. He taught her reading and writing and draftsmanship, and she later assisted him in creating his illuminated books. He also taught drawing, painting and engraving to his beloved younger brother Robert. William was present when Robert died in 1787; he said that he saw his soul rise through the ceiling at death, that Robert’s spirit continued to visit him afterwards, and that one of these night visits inspired his illuminated book printing, combining poem text and engraved illustration on a single copper plate and hand-coloring the prints. Blakes Early Poems The first collection of poems William Blake published was Poetical Sketches in 1783 - clearly the work of a young apprentice poet, with its odes to the four seasons, an imitation of Spenser, historical prologues and songs. His most loved collections were next, the paired Songs of Innocence (1789) and Songs of Experience (1794), both published as handmade illuminated books. After the upheaval of the French Revolution his work became more political and allegorical, protesting and satirizing war and tyranny in books like America, a Prophecy (1793), Visions of the Daughters of Albion (1793) and Europe, a Prophecy (1794). Blake as Outsider and Mythmaker Blake was definitely outside the mainstream of art and poetry in his day, and his prophetic illustrated works did not garner much public recognition. He was usually able to make his living illustrating the works of others, but his fortunes declined as he devoted himself to his own ideas and art rather than to what was fashionable in 18th century London. He had a few patrons, whose commissions enabled him to study the classics and develop his personal mythology for his great visionary epics: The First Book of Urizen (1794), Milton (1804-08), Vala, or The Four Zoas (1797; rewritten after 1800), and Jerusalem (1804-20). Blakes Later Life Blake lived the last years of his life in obscure poverty, relieved only a little by the admiration and patronage of a group of younger painters known as â€Å"The Ancients.† William Blake fell ill and died in 1827. His last drawing was a portrait of his wife Catherine, drawn on his deathbed. Books by William Blake Blake: Songs of Innocence and Experience (facsimile edition with introduction by Richard Holmes, Tate Publishing, 2007)Songs of Innocence and of Experience (CD-ROM edition, pages embellished with pop-up commentary and annotations, narrated by Stuart Curran, Octavo, 2003)William Blake: The Complete Illuminated Books (reproductions from the Blake Trust, with introduction by David Bindman, Thames Hudson, W.W. Norton Co., 2001)The Complete Poetry Prose of William Blake (ed. David Erdman, with commentary by Harold Bloom, revised edition, Anchor, 1997)Blake’s Illustrations for the Book of Job (Dover Publications, 1995)The Marriage of Heaven and Hell: A Facsimile in Full Color (Dover Publications reprint, 1994)

Erikson Autobiographical Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Erikson Autobiographical Assignment - Essay Example The infant depends entirely on his or her caregivers hence the value of care that the child receives plays a vital role in the determining the child’s character (Erickson, 1963). It is at this stage that the child learns whether or not he / she can trust the people around him / her. Does the caregiver attend to the needs of the baby when he cries? Does anyone comfort the child when he / she is frightened? The child learns to trust the people who are taking care for him or her when these needs are consistently met. If his / her needs are not consistently met, the child will mistrust the people around him. A child who successfully develops trust feels safe and secure in the world. Caregivers who are not consistent, emotionally unavailable or rejecting contribute to feelings of mistrust in the children they care for. Mistrust will result to fear and a belief that the world is inconsistent and random (Erickson, 1963). During my infancy I was attached to my mother to the extent that I never wanted to let her go. Whenever my mother was away, I would cry and start suckling my fingers. I used to feel like anyone else apart from my mother was meant to harm me. With time I started getting used to my elder sister who would always attend to me whenever I cried. When I was one year old, I started investing in relationships with almost everyone at home, I had developed non-suspicious attitudes, was welcoming to touch, could easily let mother go and share my possessions. I had developed trust. At this stage children are focused on gaining a greater sense of self-control. The child learns to master skills such as walking, talking, feeding and other fine motor skills. The child also learns to say "NO!" which is a vital skill of the will. It is important to gain a sense of individual control over the world at this phase of development. The child develops a sense of control and a feeling of freedom on

Baroque art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Baroque art - Essay Example Dutch art is insightful of the Protestant Reformation. Frans Hals was the foremost painter in the seventeenth century Haalem, a city in Dutch whose affluence developed from brewing beer and making extravagance fabrics. Even though Hals painted various scenes of every day’s life, he was essentially a portraitist. His outstanding group portraits of the public guards and administrators of helpful foundations, all of which are in the Netherlands, are particularly famous. To avoid flattery, Hals illustrated his sitters with a dynamic honesty that called for their strong, informal tastes. Winning political freedom from Spain in 1648 and the liberty to devotion in the new protestant belief, the Dutch Republic was as well immensely rich from overseas trade. Dutch burghers, even as they took considerable pride in material ownership, they were still socially traditional, most holding to a reserved and an uncomplicated lifestyle. Some of his paintings illustrated the various strata in th e society. By firm religious rule, the early Protestants dressed in only black and white outfits, despite the cost of the fabrics. Hals revolved the bare clothing to an advantage, making use of the neutral outfits to begin his sitters’ complexions beside light tan or dark gray environment. To evaluate Hals’ varying styles, it is useful to look carefully at fine points, like lace collars, that he handled in a different way during his progress. Two features of hands, separated by almost twenty years, indicate a development in Hals’ technique.

Narrative Speech Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Narrative Speech - Essay Example Indeed, I was happy and executed at the opportunity of exploring new cultures and the education system making it difficult to focus on the tasks at home. However, my parents were not excited since they indicated that I would lose my traditional values and struggle for resources. Apparently, these are effects of immigration based on their research. As my family said goodbye during departure, I acknowledged that it would be difficult for them to visit due to the stringent immigration laws. Indeed, foreigners in the US are often mistaken as persons in search of opportunities to further their dreams; however, this is rarely the case. Indeed, I felt horrible that I was leaving my family behind. Nevertheless, I marveled at the chance of meeting new people. As I landed and exited from JFK, I noticed that the US was significantly developed as compared to my home country. The buzzing cars and skyscrapers were breathtaking; however, I began missing home since everything seemed different. Indeed, I was experiencing culture shock. I immediately bought a hot dog since I was hungry. Alas! I was already abandoning my culture since I devalue fast food. As I settled down, I found a job and attended school; however, I miss big family. I realized that immigration distorts one’s culture since I am accustomed to fast foods; furthermore, I intend to look for additional jobs to keep up indicating that immigrants struggle for resources. In conclusion, it is clear that immigration is a social problem because it leads to loss of values and struggle for resources (Spijkerboer & Walsum

Innovation Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Innovation - Assignment Example Consequently, innovation was a prerogative of commercial organizations that used their employee talent to bring out new products and ideas that they could market for profit (Pearce, 2012). In this document, a review of the literature on open innovation is presented followed by experience of the author of this paper, who participated in a project at openIDEO, an open innovation platform. The term Open Innovation was first introduced by Chesbrough who indicated that open innovation "is a paradigm shift in approach of organizations that need to consider external and internal ideas along with external and internal path to develop a collaborative approach and advance knowledge in the field by introducing practical and innovative approaches to problem solving" (Chesbrough, 2003, p. 17). Open innovation creates a mutually beneficial relationship since both the firm that sponsors open innovation projects and individuals or smaller firms that participate, gain through generation of designs, and present ideas that meet the requirements (Chesbrough, and Eichenholz, 2013). Open innovation is different from outsourcing where existing products are given out on contractual manufacturing and vendors must produce the components as per specifications (Terwiesch, 2008). In open innovation forum, the administrator presents a problem and participants must offer their answers. A diversi ty of opinions is needed and the firm may examine several alternatives from among the solutions offered, pick up an idea that appears most suitable, and place the selected idea for refinement (Levine and Prietula, 2013). While open innovation is a good concept, certain problems are apparent. Some of the main problems are legal issues and the lack of privacy and confidentiality in the forum. Another problem is that requirements for the project and details of the selected design are available for even rival firms.

Drug Trafficking in the United States Research Paper

Drug Trafficking in the United States - Research Paper Example This essay will briefly discuss the current problem of drug trafficking in the United States and how the government tries to solve the enduring issue. Criminal drug operations in the United States have been a crisis for decades now and display no indication of disappearing. The National Drug Threat Assessment in 2004 shows that (Swanson, 2006): In adults age eighteen to twenty-five, 15.4 percent report having used cocaine in their lifetime, 53.8 percent report having used marijuana, and 15.1 percent report having used MDMA (commonly known as ‘Ecstasy’). In 2002, there were 1,209, 938 mentions of drug use by emergency room patients (compared with 899,977 in 1995), and in 2000 alone, over 1.5 million people were admitted to substance abuse treatment programs in the United States. Americans consumed over 259 metric tons of cocaine in 2000 and over 13.3 metric tons of heroin in the same year (ibid, p. 779). The U.S. government, as a solution to the growing problem of drug tr afficking, invests more resources into law enforcement, rehabilitation, and prevention initiatives (Destefano, 2007). The United States confront major threats of drug trafficking from neighboring Western countries because they can simply satisfy or surpass the demands of the United States for prohibited drugs (Destefano, 2007). The drug control goals of the U.S. ... The agency believes that the prosecution of drug traffickers is a major element of its plan, and functions to reinforce overseas criminal justice systems to reduce their fraud by drug traffickers (Swanson, 2006). The Office of National Drug Control Policy of the Clinton administration proclaims its major priorities for national policing as â€Å"the disruption and dismantling of drug trafficking organizations, including seizure of their assets, and the investigation, arrest, and prosecution and imprisonment of drug traffickers† (Swanson, 2006, 780). The presence of an International Criminal Court with authority over illegal drug activities would promote all of these (Bartilow & Eorn, 2009). The United States, primarily, should back up this scheme because it will provide a greater assurance of punishment and conviction for drug traffickers. The judicial body would furnish another medium for prosecution, aside from the United States’ and other countries’ criminal j ustice system. More suspected drug traffickers would be convicted, sentenced, and thus pulled out from current systems of drug production and distribution (Bartilow & Eorn, 2009). The disturbance of drug traffickers and their loss of profits from drugs could aid in mitigating political corruption and fraud, and safeguard the authority of social institutions, law, and democracy from disrupting forces (Destefano, 2007). The United States would hence gain from the consequent boost in international defense. Subsequently, the Court would probably make global policing more productive and responsive. It will offer procedures for mitigating jurisdictional conflicts between countries and for transferring

Innovation Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Innovation - Assignment Example Consequently, innovation was a prerogative of commercial organizations that used their employee talent to bring out new products and ideas that they could market for profit (Pearce, 2012). In this document, a review of the literature on open innovation is presented followed by experience of the author of this paper, who participated in a project at openIDEO, an open innovation platform. The term Open Innovation was first introduced by Chesbrough who indicated that open innovation "is a paradigm shift in approach of organizations that need to consider external and internal ideas along with external and internal path to develop a collaborative approach and advance knowledge in the field by introducing practical and innovative approaches to problem solving" (Chesbrough, 2003, p. 17). Open innovation creates a mutually beneficial relationship since both the firm that sponsors open innovation projects and individuals or smaller firms that participate, gain through generation of designs, and present ideas that meet the requirements (Chesbrough, and Eichenholz, 2013). Open innovation is different from outsourcing where existing products are given out on contractual manufacturing and vendors must produce the components as per specifications (Terwiesch, 2008). In open innovation forum, the administrator presents a problem and participants must offer their answers. A diversi ty of opinions is needed and the firm may examine several alternatives from among the solutions offered, pick up an idea that appears most suitable, and place the selected idea for refinement (Levine and Prietula, 2013). While open innovation is a good concept, certain problems are apparent. Some of the main problems are legal issues and the lack of privacy and confidentiality in the forum. Another problem is that requirements for the project and details of the selected design are available for even rival firms.

Wild Planet Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Wild Planet - Case Study Example As the report highlights  family and important groups affect the perception, wants and basic value of kids, such that they keep the practices of the groups in which they were brought up in. Wild Planet marketers evaluate cultural shifts in regard to demand for toys in a bid to remain competitive in the market. This helps in determining which cultural setups demand toys and which do not, so that toys are not offered to cultures that do not need them.From the study it is clear that  high quality and nonviolent toys are produced and marketed by the company, responding to the current need for creativity and innovativeness. In so doing, social classes have to be considered and well incorporated in product development so that the demand is fully met. These social trends are fundamental in determining consumer behavior. There are those consumers that buy products because they are expensive, while others go for the cheaper products. Social determinants like income, education and wealth i nfluence purchase processes. Wild planet needs to identify the characteristics of the various markets it serves in marketing the toys and selling positive play experiences.  Individual buyers consider their personality in making purchase decisions. The age and life of a buyer influences that person’s buying behavior. Standard of life is also significant when it comes to purchase decisions.  Personalities that attach toys and related products to their lives are likely to buy more than those who do not.

Mothers Against Drunk Driving Essay Example for Free

Mothers Against Drunk Driving Essay Moral entrepreneurs refer to people who create or define what is wrong. They claim that a certain social phenomenon is a problem that deserves or calls for an immediate response or action. They persuade the society to make or set strategies or policies based on a specific viewpoint. After identifying a social problem, they work on policies that are consistent with the problem definition. A good example of moral entrepreneurs is Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD) and the anti-tobacco lobby. MADD has gained public support in fighting against drink driving which was responsible for many crimes. They have increased the public awareness of drinking to make people more aware about the adverse effects of driving under the influence of alcohol. They changed their initial name of Mothers Against Drunk Drivers to Mothers Against Drunk Driving so that it would gain more meaning as it was against the law. MADD is not opposed to the individuals but to the act of drinking. It has provided grass root leadership so as to create major social change in the people attitudes and behaviour towards drunk driving. It carries out effective research in an effort of providing relevant and accurate information to the public in matters related to drunk driving. Governments, corporations, educators, the media and the public at large encourage MADD’S efforts. It is comprises of men and young women of all walks of life who are willing to join hands in fighting drunk driving as well as underage drinking. It is committed to offering assistance to victims and survivors of drunk driving through emotional, legal, medical and financial ramifications. MADD has large number of trained victims advocates across the country that provide the appropriate information needed. They inform of the criminal justice procedures and assist victims through out the period. Communication is a very important aspect in ensuring that MADD’S activities are successful. It uses the media, the Internet, public or outreach and collaborations with the entertainment industry to ensure that its issues are well addressed. It’s committed to eliminating the problem from grass root level as well as advocating for high-visibility law enforcement strategies. They advocate for severe penalties to those found guilty for instance through license revocation. To influence the public opinion to accept the definition of a problem as important and that which requires to be addressed amicably will require moral entrepreneurs to engage vigorously in public activities. After identifying the ‘evil’ in society they must influence the public with the intension of pulling them to their school of thought. They influence the larger population, legislation, organise public demonstration as well as create issues for the mass media. Tobacco smoking is a serious drug issue that needs to be addressed. Smoking is linked to dangerous health effects not only to the user but also to those surrounding them through the second hand smoke. Tobacco ingredients comprised of over 4000 chemicals all of which can cause harmful effects to the body. They include tar, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrogen cyanide, metals and other radioactive compounds. It can cause cancer and other lung diseases. It causes irritation to the trachea and the voice box and can increase symptoms like coughing and wheezing as well as permanent damage to the air sacs of the lungs. Smoking in public should be prohibited second hand smoke can also cause cancer in human beings leading to deaths of many people. In establishing an effective strategy to gain public support it would be important to first carry out appropriate research on the effects of smoking to human beings. Disseminating this information to the public would enable them have a better understanding of the actual effects of smoking. Incorporating scholars, scientists and relevant professionals not only in the research but also in the information dissemination works to increase the credibility of the efforts against smoking. Lobbying the government to enhance laws against smoking in public places like restaurants, and bars would also be an appropriate step in the fight against adverse effects of smoking. Smoking should also be prohibited in the work place so as to protect innocent workers from the effects of second hand smoke. Installing ‘no-smoking zone’ posters in offices and in other public places would be a way of communicating to people that smoking is not tolerated. Anti-smoking campaigns can be vigorously established where mass education on the dangers of smoking would be applied. Liasing with entertainment programs would also be appropriate in disseminating information regarding smoking. Effective communication must be incorporated in all the campaign strategies. Teamwork is very crucial if any strategy is to be successful. It is therefore very important to ensure that there is collaboration with governmental as well as non-governmental programs. Incorporating people of all races, age, gender and ethnicity would bear positive responses in the fight against smoking. Essay 2 ‘Frequent fliers’ are addicts who are constantly checking in hospitals for detoxification. Their rate or frequency for such visitation could be as high as 100 nights in a year. The detoxification process is at a cost to the government especially when catered for in Medicaid and frequent visitation by same patients aggravates the problem further. (www. jointogether. org). Some patients blame their drug addiction to their social situations. A person would be a heavy user of alcohol, cocaine and heroin but after a detoxification program he or she would go back to drugs when he squandered his money on women and drugs and be rendered homeless. This would trigger their motive of going for a detoxification. They would seek the detoxification due to their homelessness and financial constraints instead of their own personal will to quit drugs. Their main aim would be to acquire a shelter rather than a solution to their drug problem. The fact that the detoxification is free and it offers quality care could be a reason facilitating the ‘frequent fliers’ in hospitals for detoxification. Medicaid programs to fund the drug and alcohol treatment cost much for the government. The cost is aggravated, as there are categories of patient and varying cost for the treatment. Patients going for detoxification may do it at different hospitals across a state and if the patient is being among the most expensive patients the cost will be very high According to hospital executives, the expensive form of detoxification is a significant moneymaker as it brings about more than 40% profits to the hospitals in question. The hospitals may be too unwilling to drop the prices, as their profits would be jeopardized. In fact many hospitals offer the care but opt for the expensive ones rather than the cheaper one. Approximately 80% of the detox patients get treated at the most expensive level as it is the only one available. New York State tends to spend more than other states on alcohol and drug related issues. There is evident wastage of government resources because over 80% of the patients in medically managed detoxification are not serious cases and could have been attended to using cheaper detoxification means. The argument presented is that if the a state paid less for the top level care it would be able to pay for others and the development of such services would be enhanced. An effort to change the detox payment system would spell doom for the hospital industry, as it is one of the hospital’s sources of profit. (www. jointogether. org). Drug treatment would be a very effective way of solving the ‘frequent fliers’ problem. It would also be less expensive and yield better results for the user as well as the government which would now reduce its expenditure costs would be minimal if patients consistently visited the same hospitals and same doctors than if they visited varying doctors. The theory that best explains the phenomenon of ‘frequent fliers’ is the first one, which explains how desperation among the drug addicts sees them back to hospitals for detox. To them, the hospitals act as a home or place that provides shelter for them and this is their main reason for visiting the hospitals. (www. jointogether. org). To my opinion better strategies should be put in place to ensure that addicts visiting hospitals for detox do so out of their own will and not due to compulsion. They ought to have realized that they have problems that need to be addressed and not as a means of seeking greener pastures when life becomes hard. Counselling is also an appropriate measure in ensuring that after the detox addicts reduced their addiction or became better people in society rather than continuing with their drugs abuse problems. Programs established to assist the drug addicts in solving the ‘frequent fliers’ problem would include those geared to increase their skills. Such programs should be geared to restoring their effectiveness or their normal lives through training. This way they would be fit better in the society and lead better lives free from drug addiction. With the training they can regain their self-respect, ethics, and morals and better handle their addiction problem. Effective training can enable them get stable employment which can provide them with the finances to cater for their basic needs for instance shelter, food and clothing and they would not require to go back to the hospitals for the provision of basic needs. With self-respect, they would not indulge in activities that do not add value to their life. Employment is about engagement of mind and time and the chances for idleness are minimized. This works to ensure that they are not attracted back to their drug addiction. More counselling professionals should be incorporated in the hospitals so that those going for detoxification for the first time do not find a reason to go back. More funding should therefore be drawn to this respect. Funding for their accommodation or shelters before they stabilize and suit well in the society is also an appropriate measure. Family members of the addicts should also be trained on how to best handle these people so that they do not go back to their drug addiction. Since drugs would best work for them, they should consequently be funded so that more money is not wasted in trying to fund the detoxification programs that are not efficient or effective to the addicts. They are patient who need help and ought not to be exploited to gain hospital profits.

Ben And Jerrys SWOT Factors

Ben And Jerrys SWOT Factors Ben and Jerrys is the ice cream company which is having the production facility in Vermont and marketing and selling the ice-cream most of the countries in the world. Ben Jerrys started making enquires about the Japanese market to start their operation in the world second largest ice cream market where the annual sales is approximately 4.5 billion USD. Even though the market is big and it is one of the toughest markets among the other. Here the language and the audience both seem unpredictable and understanding them without knowing their language is more difficult. But Haagen-Dazs have already entered into the market before 10 years. Ben and jerrys is the late entrant among those six leading players. It is the market where the consumers where demand high quality products and also with the more number of varieties and styles. Arguably this is the most affluent country in the world. Though Haagen-Dazss financial figures were not published, market intelligence suggested the ice cream maker had Japanese sales of about $300 million. Haagen-Dazs had managed to capture nearly half the super premium market in Japan. On the one hand, Haagen-Dazs would be a formidable competitor that would likely guard its market share. On the other hand, there would be no apparent need for Ben Jerrys to teach the local market about super premium ice cream. The market seemed to welcome the case information presents a situation report of Ben and Jerrys strengths, weakness, opportunity and threats (SWOT) factor report. Strengths Established successfully in the global markets in terms of USA and non USA Ben and Jerrys another part of their synonymous for social responsibility is Caring Capitalism. Ben and jerrys gave 7.5 percent of pre-tax profits to social causes like Healing Our Mother earth, which protected community members from local health risks, and Center for Better Living, which assisted the homeless Ben and Jerrys sell its ice cream with the chunky ingredients and catchy flavour names like Cherry Garcia and Chunky Monkey Weakness Ben and Jerrys unquestionably held the second largest market share (at 34 percent compared to Haagen-Dazs 44 percent) of the American super premium market, the company had started to lose market share. Hired Perry Odak at the recommendation of one of its member at a base salary of $300,000 with a start date in January 1997 Ben and Jerrys brand had the countrys fifth highest share of the ice cream market in terms of value, it still accounted for only a small 3.6 percent of the market Opportunities Seven- Eleven interested in bringing Ben and Jerry to Japan was that Seven-Elevens combined USA and Japan operation would become so important to Ben and Jerry Haagen-Dazs was being sold for 250 Yen per 120 ml and seven Eleven wanted to position Ben and Jerrys at a slightly lower price point Yamada would expect to add selected flavours of Ben and Jerrys ice cream cups to the Dominos delivery menu In todays health conscious societies the introduction of more fat-free and healthy alternative ice cream and frozen yogurt products Threats Ben and Jerrys was beginning to lose market share in both the total ice cream market and more importantly, the super premium market As the product would be exported from the United States, there would be a risk of negative exchange rate movement that could make exports to Japan no longer feasible Ice cream should be pack in personal cups and not in a 473 ml (one pint) size that Ben and Jerrys currently packed. The main fact is that small cups were the ice cream is seldom consumed as a family desert in Japan, but rather is consumed as a snack item. Customers mostly like to have that as an individual serving. Designing a small cups need the company to install new machines on the existing plants. The expense is more than $2 million for new equipments. Argument on General Terms Ben Jerrys began making inquiries about opportunities in Japan, the second largest ice cream market in the world, with annual sales of approximately $4.5 billion. Although, the market was big, it was also daunting. Japan was known to have a highly complex distribution system, its barriers to foreign products were high and the distance for shipping a frozen product from America was immense. Ben Jerrys would be a late entrant, more than 10 years behind Haagen-Dazs in gaining a foothold in the market. In addition, there were at least six Japanese ice cream manufacturers selling a super premium product. The company currently packing in a 473 ml (one pint) size but the market is for the personal cups. The main fact is the ice is the favourite snacks for the people in Japan. So the personal cups will pull the market towards the brand. Ben and Jerrys have not having the machinery to make the small cups. It would require around $2 million for new equipment and Ben and Jerrys are also ready to install the machineries in the existing plant itself. But in this period of time invest of $2 million for this purpose will affect the deal further. Japanese buyers basically expect the product on the perfect specification which they need. The Japanese customers are having the capacity to demand the company to offer the products on their specification. Merits and Demerits of entry modes: Ben Jerrys management was interested toward an entry into Japan it was not a good business plan. Entering into such a complicated market where the language and the audience everything is different. The entry will happen with the good financial background and the best management. The product is exporting from the Vermont so there is chance could be risk of negative exchange rate. It makes the company to face the unprofitable situation. This is the main risk factor on emerging the business in Japan for the Ben and Jerrys. The positive and negative factors are more in the entry of Japanese market for the company. There are lots of chances to get the distribution inside the country. On that entering with the help of Seven-Eleven is the safest way to the ban and jerrys. It reserves the freezer comaprtment for their product in the 7000 conventional immediately across the country. On the parallel side there is also a chance to lose the popularity among the audience. The Seven-Eleven planned to place the product within the conventional stores. Where the chances are like placing its product among the other existing market leaders. It will reduce the chance to be exploring the market like the Haagen-Dazs have done. Chances to become a store brands is too low. The deal between the Ben and Jerrys and Seven-Eleven will never affect the any existing product in the market. On the whole of business agreement there is a major drawback in signing the agreement and it is the ice cream package size. Ben and jerrys package size is 473 ml but the Seven-Eleven insisted Ben and Jerry are to be packaged only in 120 ml personal cups. The main factor is that Japanese market is mainly for the personal cups. They often consume ice cream in one of their snack instead of family desert. Yamada the company proposed to Ben and Jerrys to have the full control on the sales and marketing in Japan. By giving the full sales and marketing control to Yamada will helps the Ban and Jerrys in the positive way. Because dealing in an unfamiliar market like Japan will sure difficult for the company to operate. It also cares for the company to get the instant expertise in the unfamiliar market. Yamada is already known to the market in the frozen foods and building a chain for Dominos in Japanese market. By signing a legal agreement will make the Yamada to start the marketing process. It makes the Ben and Jerrys to be the leading brand in the market. And Yamada have already expected to add the different flavours to Ben and Jerrys ice creams and also planned to add some of its flavour to the dominos delivery menu. But so far no agreement has signed which makes there is no any specific plan. Seven Eleven can make the company to start the instant operation in Japan. But apart from that it cant make any more development in the branding. Because as Seven-Eleven committed it will sells six cups per day will never generate more popularity and revenue to the company. Ben Jerrys was the new product to the Japanese market and it is not having an enough budget to run a marketing campaign in the Japanese market. Seven-Eleven is the only hope for the company to handle the promotional efforts. But it never committed any specific plan with the company. Logistics Ben Jerrys had long been shipping ice cream to the West Coast and to Europe in freezer containers. Shipments to Japan were feasible in delivery reliability especially key, and, of course, costs would have to be minimised. Logistics research indicated it would likely take at least three weeks shipping time from the plant in Vermont to the warehouse in Japan. The product could not be shifted to another customer nor could another customers product be shifted to Japan.

Of Mice And Men: Lennie And George :: essays research papers

Of Mice and Men: Lennie and George Of Mice and Men, written by John Steinbeck, is the story of two simple farm hands, Lennie Small, who incidentally, really isn't very small, and his better half, George Milton, on their quest to have "a place of their own," with plenty of furry bunnies, of course. Sound strange? Read on to get clued in. The book opens along the banks of the Salinas River a few miles south of Soledad, California. Everything is calm and beautiful, and nature is alive. The trees are green and fresh, lizards are skittering along, rabbits sit on the sand. There are no people in the scene. Suddenly, the calm is broken. Trouble is in the air. Animals begin to scatter. Two men have arrived on the scene, and the environment seems troubled by their presence. For a moment the scene becomes "lifeless." Then in walk George and Lennie. Lennie, a large, retarded, big man who has the mind of a little child, and who loves to pet soft, pretty things, and George, a little man, who has assumed the responsibility of taking care of his simpleminded friend Lennie, are walking on their way to apply for a harvesting job on a nearby farm. The two had been traveling together for quite some time now, which was very rare, because most farm workers rarely have companions, but George and Lennie have been together ever since Lennie's Aunt had passed away, and Lennie began to follow George around everywhere. Instead of hurrying to the farm that night, they stop by a stream to camp in the open, and they'll arrive at work the next morning. Why? Well, Lennie isn't very bright. George didn't want him to blow the job opportunity. The logic between waiting until morning until going to work was, that way, all the other farm hands would be out working, thus they'd have a better chance of getting the job, since Lennie wouldn't have to confront to many people, which can easily make him "confused." During that evening, George had to take a dead mouse away from Lennie, who had been hoarding it because he liked to pet it. George tried to teach simpleminded Lennie that you don't pet dead things, but Lennie had a hard time remembering. George is aware that Lennie has difficulty remembering things, so he has to remind him every time that they went for a job not to say anything, and to let him do the talking. He also stresses the importance that Lennie returns to the particular place and hide in the stream or bushes if gets in any trouble,

Chinese Eating Manner vs. Korean Eating Manner

Compare and contrast essay: Chinese eating manner vs. Korean eating manner Different places and countries have different cultures and manners. China and Korea both are historical and traditional Asian countries, which have many traditional cultures and manners, including the eating manners. Even though their geographical position is close, there are similarities and differences between Chinese and Korean eating manner. There are some distinct similarities between Chinese and Korean eating manner.The first similarity is that they both use bowl and chopstick to eat, and no sounds are allowed when chopstick touches the bowl, for example like scratching rice from the bowl with chopstick. Different from western countries, most Asian countries use bowls instead of plates to carry food. It is impolite to make noise by tableware when eating. Another similarity is that, when eating with seniors, juniors only can start eating after seniors start.There is a traditional saying in Chinese called â€Å" respect for seniority†, let seniors to start eating first is a kind of showing respect to them. Similarly, in traditional Korean culture there are plenteous manners on respecting seniors, and start eating after they eat is one of the manners. Although there are a number of similarities, there are several differences between Chinese and Korean eating manner. The first difference is that Chinese prefer to hold the bowl when eating, and use chopstick so often.It is impolite to put down the bowl on table and just use one hand to eat. In contrast, it is not allow to hold the bowl when eating in Korea, also, spoon is much more important than chopstick in its manner. For example, though it is difficult to spoon up a bean sprout from a bowl, it is not allow to use chopstick for it. Another important difference is, in China both hands should be upon the table when eating. When holding a bowl to drink soup without using a spoon, the idle hand still needs to be upon the table.How ever, in Korea it is so impolite to show one`s left hand upon the table when eating, the left hand must be hidden under the table. Both the societies of China and Korea are changing and become much more open than they used to be. Many of their traditional cultures and manners have combined with other cultures or even disappeared, however, there are still differences. No matter which manners we prefer, they are all a kind of cultures, we should be respected to cultural differences.

Mth Sl Type Ii Portfolio – Fishing Rods

Math Summative: Fishing Rods Fishing Rods A fishing rod requires guides for the line so that it does not tangle and so that the line casts easily and efficiently. In this task, you will develop a mathematical model for the placement of line guides on a fishing rod. The Diagram shows a fishing rod with eight guides, plus a guide at the tip of the rod. Leo has a fishing rod with overall length 230 cm. The table shown below gives the distances for each of the line guides from the tip of his fishing rod. Guide Number (from tip) Distance from Tip (cm) 1 10 2 23 3 38 4 55 5 74 6 96 7 120 8 149Define suitable variables and discuss parameters/constraints. Using Technology, pot the data points on a graph. Using matrix methods or otherwise, find a quadratic function and a cubic function which model this situation. Explain the process you used. On a new set of axes, draw these model functions and the original data points. Comment on any differences. Find a polynomial function which passes throu gh every data point. Explain you choice of function, and discuss its reasonableness. On a new set of axes, draw this model function and the original data points. Comment on any differences.Using technology, find one other function that fits the data. On a new set of axes, draw this model function and the original data points. Comment on any differences. Which of you functions found above best models this situation? Explain your choice. Use you quadratic model to decide where you could place a ninth guide. Discuss the implications of adding a ninth guide to the rod. Mark has a fishing rod with overall length 300cm. The table shown below gives the distances for each of the line guides from the tip of Mark’s fishing rod. Guide Number (from tip) Distance from Tip (cm) 1 10 2 22 3 34 4 48 5 64 6 81 7 102 124 How well does your quadratic model fit this new data? What changes, if any, would need to be made for that model to fit this data? Discuss any limitations to your model. Intro duction: Fishing rods use guides to control the line as it is being casted, to ensure an efficient cast, and to restrict the line from tangling. An efficient fishing rod will use multiple, strategically placed guides to maximize its functionality. The placement of these will depend on the number of guides as well as the length of the rod. Companies design mathematical equations to determine the optimal placement of the guides on a rod.Poor guide placement would likely cause for poor fishing quality, dissatisfied customers and thus a less successful company. Therefore it is essential to ensure the guides are properly placed to maximize fishing efficiency. In this investigation, I will be determining a mathematical model to represent the guide placement of a given fishing rod that has a length of 230cm and given distances for each of the 8 guides from the tip (see data below). Multiple equations will be determined using the given data to provide varying degrees of accuracy. These mode ls can then potentially be used to determine the placement of a 9th guide.Four models will be used: quadratic function, cubic function, septic function and a quadratic regression function. To begin, suitable variables must be defined and the parameters and constraints must be discussed. Variables: Independent Variable: Let x represent the number of guides beginning from the tip Number of guides is a discrete value. Since the length of the rod is finite (230cm) then the number of guides is known to be finite. Domain = , where n is the finite value that represents the maximum number of guides that would fit on the rod. Dependent Variable:Let y represent the distance of each guide from the tip of the rod in centimetres. The distance of each guide is a discrete value. Range = Parameters/Constraints: There are several parameters/constraints that need to be verified before proceeding in the investigation. Naturally, since we are talking about a real life situation, there cannot be a negat ive number of guides (x) or a negative distance from the tip of the rod (y). All values are positive, and therefore all graphs will only be represented in the first quadrant. The other major constraint that must be identified is the maximum length of the rod, 230cm.This restricts the y-value as well as the x-value. The variable n represents the finite number of guides that could possibly be placed on the rod. While it is physically possible to place many guides on the rod, a realistic, maximum number of guides that would still be efficient, is approximately 15 guides. Guide Number (from tip) Distance from Tip (cm) 0* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 n** 0 10 23 38 55 74 96 120 149 230 *the guide at the tip of the rod is not counted **n is the finite value that represents the maximum number of guides that would fit on the rod.Neither of the highlighted values are analyzed in this investigation, they are only here for the purpose of defining the limits of the variables. The first step in this investig ation is to graph the points in the table above (excluding highlighted points) to see the shape of the trend that is created as more guides are added to the rod. From this scatter plot of the points, we can see that there is an exponential increase in the distance from the tip of the rod as each subsequent guide is added to the rod. Quadratic Function: The first function that I shall be modeling using the points of data provided is a quadratic function.The general equation of a quadratic formula is y = ax2 + bx + c. To do this, I will be using three points of data to create three equations that I will solve using matrices and determine the coefficients: a, b and c. The first step in this process is to choose three data points that will be used to represent a broad range of the data. This will be difficult though since there are only three out of the eight points that can be used. Therefore, to improve the accuracy of my quadratic function, I will be solving two systems of equations that use different points and finding their mean. Data Sets Selected: Data Set 1 = {(1,10), (3,38), (8,149)}Data Set 2 = {(1,10), (6,96), (8,149)} These points were selected for two main reasons. First, by using the x-values 1 and 8 in both sets of data, we will have a broad range of all of the data that is being represented in the final equation after the values of the coefficients are averaged. Second, I used the x values of 3 (in the first set) and 6 (in the second set) to once again allow for a broad representation of the data points in the final quadratic equation. Both of these points (3 and 6) were chosen because they were equal distances apart, 3 being the third data point, and 6 being the third from last data point.This ensured that the final averaged values for the coefficients would give the best representation of the middle data points without skewing the data. There will be two methods that will be used to solve the system of equations, seen below. Each method will be u sed for one of the systems being evaluated. Data Set 1 = {(1,10), (3,38), (8,149)} In the first data set, the data points will form separate equations that will be solved using a matrices equation. The first matrix equation will be in the form: Where A = a 3Ãâ€"3 matrix representing the three data pointsX = a 3Ãâ€"1 matrix for the variables being solved B = a 3Ãâ€"1 matrix for the y-value of the three equations being solved. This matrix equation will be rearranged by multiplying both sides of the equation by the inverse of A: Since A-1*A is equal to the identity matrix (I), which when multiplied by another matrix gives that same matrix (the matrix equivalent of 1), the final matrix equation is: To determine the values of X, we must first find the inverse of matrix A using technology, since it is available and finding the inverse of a 3 by 3 matrix can take an inefficient amount of time.First let us determine what equations we will be solving and what our matrices will look like. Point: (1,10) (3, 38) (8,149) A= The equation is: ,X= ,B= = Next, by using our GDC, we can determine the inverse of matrix A, and multiply both sides by it. Therefore we have determined that the quadratic equations given the points {(1,10), (3,38), (8,149)} is . Data Set 2 = {(1,10), (6,96), (8,149)} Point: (1,10) (6, 96) (8,149) A= ,X= ,B= The second method that will be used to solve the second system of equations is known as Gauss-Jordan elimination.This is a process by which an augmented matrix (two matrices that are placed into one divided by a line) goes through a series of simple mathematical operations to solve the equation. On the left side of this augmented matrix (seen below) is the 3Ãâ€"3 matrix A (the new matrix A that was made using data set 2, seen on the previous page), and on the right is matrix B. The goal of the operations is to reduce matrix A to the identity matrix, and by doing so, matrix B will yield the values of matrix X. This is otherwise known as reduced r ow echelon form. Step by step process of reduction: 1. We begin with the augmented matrix. . Add (-36 * row 1) to row 2 3. Add (-64 * row 1) to row 3 4. Divide row 2 by -30 5. Add (56 * row 2) to row 3 6. Divide row 3 by 7. Add ( * row 3) to row 2 8. Add (-1 * row 3) to row 1 9. Add (-1 * row 2) to row 1 After all of the row operations, matrix A has become the identity matrix and matrix B has become the values of matrix X (a, b, c). Therefore we have determined that the quadratic equations given the points {(1,10), (6,96), (8,149)} is . Averaging of the Two Equations The next step in finding our quadratic function is to average out our established a, b, and c values from the two sets data.Therefore we have finally determined our quadratic function to be: Rounded to 4 sig figs, too maintain precision, while keeping the numbers manageable. Data points using quadratic function Guide Number (from tip) Quadratic values Distance from Tip (cm) Original – Distance from Tip (cm) 1 10 2 22 3 37 4 54 5 74 6 97 7 122 8 149 10 23 38 55 74 96 120 149 New values for the distance from tip were rounded to zero decimal places, to maintain significant figure – the original values used to find the quadratic formula had zero decimal places, so the new ones shouldn’t either.After finding the y-values given x-values from 1-8 for the quadratic function I was able to compare the new values to the original values (highlighted in green in the table above). We can see that the two values that are the exact same in both data sets is (1,10) and (8,149) which is not surprising since those were the two values that were used in both data sets when finding the quadratic function. Another new value that was the same as the original was (5,74). All other new data sets have an error of approximately  ±2cm.This data shows us that the quadratic function can be used to represent the original data with an approximate error of  ±2cm. This function is still not perfect, and a b etter function could be found to represent the data with a lower error and more matching data points. Cubic Function: The next step in this investigation is to model a cubic function that represents the original data points. The general equation of a cubic function is y = ax3 + bx2 + cx + d. Knowing this, we can take four data points and perform a system of equations to determine the values of the coefficients a, b, c, and d.The first step is to choose the data points that will be used to model the cubic function. Similarly to modeling the quadratic function, we can only use a limited number of points to represent the data in the function, only in this case it is four out of the eight data points, which means that this function should be more precise than the last. Once again I plan on solving for two sets of data points and finding their mean values to represent the cubic function. This is done to allow for a more broad representation of the data within the cubic function. Data Set s Selected: Data Set 1: {(1,10), (4,55), (5,74), (8,149)}Data Set 2: {(1,10), (3,38), (6,96), (8,149)} Both data sets use the points (1,10) and (8,149), the first and last point, so that both data sets produce cubic functions that represent a broad range of the data (from minimum to maximum). The other points selected, were selected as mid range points that would allow for the function to represent this range of the data more accurately. When modeling a cubic function or higher, it is difficult to do so without using technology to do the bulk of the calculation due to large amounts of tedious calculations that would almost guarantee a math error somewhere.Therefore, the most accurate and fastest way to perform these calculations will be to use a GDC. In both data sets, the reduced row echelon form function on the GDC will be utilized to determine the values of the coefficients of the cubic functions. The process of determining the values of the coefficients of the cubic function usi ng reduced row echelon form is similar to process used for the quadratic function. An x-value matrix A (this time a 4Ãâ€"4 matrix), a variable matrix X (4Ãâ€"1) and a y-value matrix B (4Ãâ€"1) must be determined first. The next step is to augment matrix A and matrix B, with A on the left and B on the right.This time, instead of doing the row operation ourselves, the GDC will do them, and yield an answer where matrix A will be the identity matrix and matrix B will be the values of the coefficients (or matrix X). Data Set 1: {(1,10), (4,55), (5,74), (8,149)} (1,10) (4, 55) (5, 74) (8,149) A1 = , X1 = , B1 = We begin with the augmented matrix or matrix A1 and matrix B1. Then this matrix is inputted into a GDC and the function â€Å"rref† is selected. After pressing enter, the matrix is reduced into reduced row echelon form. Which yields the values of the coefficients. Data Set 2: {(1,10), (3,38), (6,96), (8,149)} (1,10) (3, 38) 6, 96) (8,149) A2 = , X2 = , B2 = We begin with the augmented matrix of matrix A2 and matrix B2. Then the matrix is inputted into a GDC and the function â€Å"rref† After pressing enter, the matrix is reduced into reduced row echelon form. Which yields the values of the coefficients. The next step is to find the mean of each of the values of the coefficients a, b, c, and d. Therefore we have finally determined our cubic function to be: Once again rounded to 4 significant figures. Updated Data table, including cubic function values. Guide Number (from tip) Quadratic values Distance from Tip (cm) 1 10 2 22 3 37 4 54 5 74 6 97 122 8 149 Cubic values Distance from Tip (cm) Original – Distance from Tip (cm) 10 23 38 54 74 96 121 149 10 23 38 55 74 96 120 149 New values for the distance from tip were rounded to zero decimal places, to maintain significant figure – the original values used to find the quadratic formula had zero decimal places, so the new ones shouldn’t either. The y-values of the cubic functi on can be compared to that original data set values to conclude whether or not it is an accurate function to use to represent the original data points. It appears as though the cubic function has 6 out of 8 data points that are the same.Those points being, (1,10), (2,23), (3,38), (5,74), (6,96), (8,149). The three data points from the cubic function that did not match only had an error of  ±1, indicating that the cubic function would be a good representation of the original data points, but still has some error. We can further analyze these points by comparing the cubic and quadratic function to the original points by graphing them. See next page. By analyzing this graph, we can see that both the quadratic function and the cubic function match the original data points quite well, although they have slight differences.By comparing values on the data table, we find that the quadratic function only matches 3 of the 8 original data points with an error of  ±2, while the cubic functi on matches 6 of the 8 points with an error of just  ±1, which is as small an error possible for precision of the calculation done. Both functions act as adequate representations of the original points, but the major difference is how they begin to differ as the graphs continue. The cubic function is increasing at a faster rate than the quadratic function, and this difference would become quite noticeable over time.This would mean that if these functions were to be used to determine the distance a 9th guide should be from the tip, the two functions would provide quite different answers, with the cubic functions providing the more accurate one. Polynomial Function: Since it is known that neither the quadratic, nor the cubic function fully satisfy the original data points, then we must model a higher degree polynomial function that will satisfy all of these points. The best way to find a polynomial function that will pass through all of the original points is to use all of the origin al points when finding it (oppose to just three or four).If all eight of the points are used and a system of equations is performed using matrices, then a function that satisfies all points will be found. This is a septic function. To find this function, the same procedure followed for the last two functions should be followed, this time using all eight points to create an 8Ãâ€"8 matrix. By then following the same steps to augment the matrix with an 8Ãâ€"1 matrix, we can change the matrix into reduced row echelon form to and find our answer. In this method, since we are using all eight points, the entire data set is being represented in the function and no averaging of the results will be necessary.The general formula for a septic function is . Data Set: {(1,10), (2,23), (3,38), (4,55), (5,74), (6,96), (7,120), (8,149)} (1,10) (2,23) (3,38) (4,55) (5,74) (6,96) (7,120) (8,149) A=,X= ,B= , Augment matrix A and matrix B and perform the ‘rref’ function The answers and va lues for the coefficients = The final septic function equation is This function that include all the original data points can be seen graphed here below along with the original points. Updated Data table, including septic function values Guide Number (from tip) Quadratic values Distance from Tip (cm) Cubic values Distance from Tip (cm)Septic values – Distance from Tip (cm) Original – Distance from Tip (cm) 1 10 2 22 3 37 4 54 5 74 6 97 7 122 8 149 10 23 38 54 74 96 121 149 10 23 38 55 74 96 120 149 10 23 38 55 74 96 120 149 New values for the distance from tip were rounded to zero decimal places, to maintain significant figure – the original values used to find the quadratic formula had zero decimal places, so the new ones shouldn’t either. By looking at the graph, as well as the data table (both seen above), we can see that, as expected, all 8 of the septic function data points are identical to that of the original data.There is less than 1cm of error, w hich is accounted for due to imprecise (zero decimal places) original measurements. Therefore we now know that the septic function that utilised all of the original data points is the best representation of said data. Other Function: The next goal in this investigation is to find another function that could be used to represent this data. The other method that I will use to find a function that fits the data is quadratic regression. Quadratic regression uses the method of least squares to find a quadratic in the form .This method is often used in statistics when trying to determine a curve that has the minimal sum of the deviations squared from a given set of data. In simple terms, it finds a function that will disregard any unnecessary noise in collected data results by finding a value that has the smallest amount of deviation from the majority of the data. Quadratic regression is not used to perfectly fit a data set, but to find the best curve that goes through the data set with m inimal deviation. This function can be found using a GDC. First you must input the data points into lists, (L1 and L2).Then you go to the statistic math functions and choose QuadReg. It will know to use the two lists to determine he quadratic function using the method of least squares. Once the calculation has completed, the data seen below (values for the coefficients of the function) will be presented: QuadReg a = 1. 244 b = 8. 458 c = 0. 8392 With this data we can determine that the function is When graphed, this function has the shape seen below: Updated Data table, including septic function values Guide Number (from tip) Quadratic values Distance from Tip (cm) Cubic values Distance from Tip (cm) Septic values –Distance from Tip (cm) Quadratic Regression – Distance from Tip (cm) Original – Distance from Tip (cm) 1 10 2 22 3 37 4 54 5 74 6 97 7 122 8 149 10 23 38 54 74 96 121 149 10 23 38 55 74 96 120 149 11 23 37 55 74 96 121 148 10 23 38 55 74 96 120 149 By analyzing the graph and values of the quadratic regression function, it is evident that it is a relatively accurate form of modeling the data. Four of the eight points matched that of the original data, with an error of  ±1. The most notable difference between the quadratic regression function and the quadratic function previously determined, is the placement within the data f the accurate values. The regression function matched the middle data, while the quadratic function matched the end data. It is interesting to see how two functions in the same form, found using different methods yielded opposite areas of accuracy. Best Match: The function that acts as the best model for this situation is the septic function. It is the only function that satisfies each of the original data points with its equation. Through finding the quadratic, cubic and septic functions, it was discovered that the degree of the polynomial was directly correlated to the function’s accuracy to the dat a.Therefore it was no surprise that this function acts as the best fit for this data. The other cause for this septic function having the best correlation to the original data is due to the septic function being established by creating a system of equations using all of the data points. 9th Guide: Using my quadratic model, it can be determined where the optimal placement for a ninth guide would be by substituting ‘9’ in for x in the equation . Using my quadrating model, it was found that the optimal placement for a ninth guide on the rod is 179cm from the tip of the rod.Leo’s fishing rod is 230cm long, yet his eighth guide is only 149cm from the tip of the rod. That means that there is 81cm of the line that is not being guided from the reel to first guide. By adding a ninth guide, that distance will be shortened form 81cm to 51cm. By doing this, it will be less likely for the line to bunch up and become tangled in this 81cm stretch where there is no guide. Anothe r implication of adding another guide would be that the weight distribution of a fish being reeled in would be spread over another guide, which will allow for an easier task of reeling in the fish.There is even enough space on the rod for a 10th guide at 211cm from the tip of the rod. This guide would once again shorten the excess line further to a point where the excess line between the reel and the first guide is shorter than line between the first and second guide. This could cause problems with reeling and casting efficiency, as that extra guide would cause slowing movement of the line. The benefit would be that once again the weight distribution of fish would be spread over a larger number of guides.Overall, it would be beneficial to include a ninth guide to Leo’s fishing rod, but anymore will likely hinder its efficiency. Mark’s Fishing Rod: Guide Number (from tip) Distance from Tip (cm) 1 10 2 22 3 34 4 48 5 64 6 81 7 102 8 124 To see how well my quadratic model fits this new data, they must be both plotted on the same graph, seen below. My quadratic model for Leo’s fishing rod correlates with Mark’s fishing rod data for the first few values and then diverges as the number of guides increases by growing at a higher exponential rate.The difference between Leo and Mark’s eighth guide from the tip of their respective rods is 25cm, yet both men’s first guides start the same distance from the tip of their rods. The quadratic function used to model Leo’s fishing rod does not correlate well with Mark’s fishing rod data. Changes to the model must be made for it to fit this data. The best way to find a model for Mark’s data would be to go through the same steps that we went through to determine the first quadratic formula that model’s Leo’s fishing rod.By doing so, specific values that better represent Mark’s fishing rod data could be used to establish a better fitting function. The main limitation of my model is that is was designed as a function for Leo’s data specifically. It was created by solving systems of equations that used solely Leo’s fishing rod for data. Consequentially, the quadratic model best represented Leo’s fishing rod, which had a maximum length of 230cm, with differently spaced out guides. There were many differences between Leo and Mark’s fishing rods (such as maximum length and guide spacing) that caused my original quadratic model to not well represent Mark’s data.