Keynesian Economics vs. Classical Economics free essay sample

In economics, there are two main theories: Keynesian economics and Classical economics. Each approach to economics has a different take on monetary policy, consumer behavior, and last but not least, government spending. Let us first look into classical economics. The basis of the Classical Theory of Economics is self-regulation. Supporters believe that the economy is able to maintain its-self and is always capable of achieving the natural level of real GDP. While circumstances do occasionally arise that effect the economy, causing it to fall above or below the natural GDP level, self-adjusting mechanisms are believed to exist. The belief that prices, wages, and interest rates are flexible and Say’s Law are two of the classical economists most firmly held beliefs. Say’s law basically states that the economy is always capable of demanding all of the output that its workers and firms choose to produce. Hence, government intervention is not needed. We will write a custom essay sample on Keynesian Economics vs. Classical Economics or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Generally, political liberals would side with Classical economics. Keynesian Theory rejects Say’s Law of self-regulation and suggests that the relationship between aggregate income and expenditure is key. Keynesian believers agree that government should step in and implement policies that will regulate the economy more efficiently. Typically political conservatives would agree with the Keynesian Theory. Were I a policy maker receiving conflicting advice, I would consider all aspects of the issue including equilibrium real GDP, employment, and prices. Money is measured in different ways, mainly focusing on the liquidity, or how easily and quickly it can turn into a spendable form (Ayer Colligne, Pg. 328). There are three main measurements; M1, M2 and M3. M1 represents the most liquid form of money and consists of the sum of currency and coins in the hands of the public, demand deposits, checkable deposits, and travelers checks. M2 is the sum of M1 plus the balances in savings deposits and balances deposited into money market mutual funds. Lastly, M3 is the summation of M2 plus large time deposits (greater then 100k), and several other near monies Ayer Colligne, Pg. 328-329). Expansionary monetary policies are fiscal policies that encourage economic growth. The deposit multiplier is a value representing the ratio of bank reserves to bank deposits. If bank reserves increase, bank deposits may increase by the amount of the increase times the deposit multiplier (Ayer Colligne, pg 257-328). Balance of payments accounts are an account of all transactions (monetary) between a country and the rest of the world. The BOP includes two sub accounts: the current account and the capital and financial account. The current account is adjusted for international incomes and transfers and records the monetaty value of imports and exports (both goods and services). The capital and financial accounts records the monetary value of capital inflows and outflows, and any financial investments (purchasing of stocks or bonds). The BOP must have a balance that equals zero (Ayers Collinge, pgs 378-380). The balance of payment accounts is very important to economic growth because it encourages international trade and hold each country accountable for fiscal policy. International commerce can increase the country’s consumption, however not all share in the gains. The majority of the economy benefits from international trade, but some people will end up losing due to job opportunities lost, migration, and eventual inflation/deflation, or market uneasiness.

tales of potosi essays

Role of women in colonial latin america/tales of potosi essays In early 1530, Francisco Pizarro set sail from Spain with the blessing and support of King Charles V. His mission was to conquer the lands of the New World and bring riches back to Spain. Three years later, he would defeat the Incan Empire and claim much of South America for Spain. This would begin an almost three hundred year period of Spanish colonial rule that was centered in Peru. The high country of Potosi, backbone of the Andes, embraced one of the largest and perhaps richest silver loads ever found on Earth (Arzans xi). In order to exploit this wealth, colonists were sent to settle this land, bringing with them European culture, European religion and European women. It was a very common belief that European settlers were better than the inferior natives that they encountered. Part of this inferiority was that they were seen as heathen savages who needed the guidance of Spanish monks in order to convert them to Christianity. These two pillars of colonial life in Peru (t he search for wealth and the influence of religion) affected the daily lives of every colonist. As the work of Bartolome Arzans de Orsua y Velas, Tales of Potosi, clearly expresses, life for women during colonial times seemed to be very narrowly defined, particularly in their societal stance and Christian virtues. Arzans uses the tale of The Warrior Maidens as an example of the uncommonly possessed bravery and strength of two young maidens living in Potosi, in mid seventeenth century. Under usual circumstances these brave young women strived to break free of the role most women had during these times. These two young maidens, as was common in the European upbringing of women in colonial times, had been reared with such circumspection and kept so closely within doors that scarcely anyone knew of their existence, not only in the town at large, but even in the quarter where they lived (Arzans, 59). Traditionall...

Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 23

Report - Essay Example From the performance, it can be noted that teacher Smith is rated good in all the years both in first grade as well as second grade. This is because of the good job that she did while in class with the students. The presentation for both years one and two are as shown below. It is important to note that in all the graphical presentations, 1 and 3 are first grades while 2 and 4 are second grade. However the good performance, the first grade in year one was not that pleasing. Another good performance was realized from what was done by Casey. This therefore made her to be the best in terms of ranking of the teachers from all the averages made. The graph below shows the good work from the students that she taught This is a very credible that can best show the efforts put in place by the various teachers. It is important to highlight that a good teacher shows continuous performance all through the session. Whenever the performance of a teacher goes down together with the averages, it clearly denotes that something is not right somewhere and the students are not being given the best in terms of delivery. Whenever a student is not given the best in terms of teaching, it is important to reiterate that this will be effectively shown in the student performance. In the discussion of the validity of criteria 2,it can be clearly noted that this method of evaluation is very much sensitive as it is much demanding for a teacher to make it happen that the average is above 548 which is the district mean. This therefore means that the teachers who make it to this or more than this is very much hardworking and so they are good teachers. This is because making sure that all students excel such that even when the average is calculated it stil remains above the

Batson v. Kentucky 476 U.S. 79 (1986) Case Study

Batson v. Kentucky 476 U.S. 79 (1986) - Case Study Example In this case, the peremptory challenge that was laid before the court in order to remove all Black representatives in the jury and this was done so without a valid cause. Although the defense tried to object to the jury set up prior to the jury being sworn in, the judge in the case over-ruled their motion stating that the peremptory challenge could be used against anybody that the court felt it should be used against (Batson v. Kentucky). After the decision of the court came out, the defense went to the supreme court to raise their objection once again to the fact that Mr. Batson was tried by a jury composed solely of Whites and therefore, was not truly represented by a jury of his peers as the law promised all of the accused in a jury trial. Supreme Court Justice Powell held the decision that the 14th Amendment was violated in this instance and that in no case can the prosecution ever use a peremptory challenge without stating a valid reason for doing so. The state must always support its claim to have a juror removed with a valid cause. However, a dissenting opinion was voiced by Supreme Court Justice Berger, who believed that although the burden of proof lay within the responsibility of the state, the Equal Protection clause was not violated in this case. Justice Marshall further bolstered the claim of Justice Berger by indicating that the peremptory challenge cannot be used to distort the jury process by exclusion on racial grounds (Batson v. Kentucky). Having now come to an understanding that a peremptory challenge cannot be instigated simply on a whim by either the prosecution or defense, it is important to understand that such a challenge is not the same as a â€Å"challenge for cause†. To make things clearer, let us first differentiate the meaning of the two legal terms. â€Å"... the right of the plaintiff and the defendant in a jury trial to have a juror dismissed before trial without

SPA Management Business Plan Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6000 words

SPA Management Business Plan - Term Paper Example Location and Floor Plan 24 5.5. Equipment 25 5.6. Inventory 25 5.7. Technology 26 5.8. Customer service 26 6. Personal Financial Statement 26 6.1. Personal Financial Statement 27 6.2. Start-up Expenses and Capitalisation 27 6.3. Financial Objectives 28 6.4. Balance sheet forecast 29 6.5. The profit and loss forecast 30 6.6. Expected cash flow 31 6.7. Break Even analysis 32 Reference 33 Bibliography 35 2. Executive Summary SoulConcord aims to be the premier spa salon in Los Angeles, California. The company is determined to offer a unique combination of offered services and products to offer the customers a luxury experience. The company would carry out intensive marketing and promotional activities to quickly gain market share. SoulConcord would provide customers with a relaxing, rejuvenating atmosphere where the products and services can satisfy all their mind and body requirements. The business would be set up with a management team including Myriam Maier, Yves-Jerome Ludwigs and Gi an Matteo Mannering. At the first year, the company may face certain difficulties. However, in the coming years, it is determined to make a huge success. 3. The Business 3.1. Business Description In the contemporary society, spa is turning out as part of day to day life. One can notice, spa is mushrooming at a faster rate even in the suburbs and thus the spa industry is growing at a healthy rate throughout the world. As the concept of spa is quite new, often people misunderstood it with other non-spa businesses like beauty salons, massage services offered in hotels and clinics. Therefore, the misconcept of people regarding spa can be minimised with help of a clear cut definition. Spa can be defined as â€Å"a business offering spa treatments based on authentic water-based therapies which are practices by qualified personnel in a professional and relaxing environment (Cohen & Bodeker, 2008, p.55). It is quite hard to find out origin of spa industry but as per the experts, use of min eral springs and thermal mud was part of the first civilization development on the Earth. With time, the concept of different forms of baths got attached with religious ceremonies, hygiene and beauty. Among the ancient spa baths, those of the Roman Empire were the most famous ones. These social baths were part of the culture and a mean of hygiene. In Roman culture, large hydrotherapy and garrisons were built near to hot springs. These places were used by the soldiers to heel their battle wounds. However, the prevailing spa industry has its origin in Europe during 18th – 19th century when people started using water therapy for rheumatic and respiration disorders. At that time spas were specifically made in mountain towns so that the visitors can enjoy spectacular views along with fresh air and water treatments. The modern spas are also based on hydrotherapy principles that use thermal pools, different types of massage and mud bath for therapeutic use (Williams, 2006, p.4-5). T he concept of therapeutic use of mineral water was well known to the Native American. The spa industry was commercialised in 1790 when Saratoga Hot Spring in Wyoming was opened for commercial use. Another major development in the spa industry was International Spa Association (ISPA) founded in 1991. The goal of this association is to develop networking among international professional spa associations, educate them, formulate policies & standards, provide required resources and build coalition throughout the world. Figure 1: Ten Elements of Spa

Importance Of Avoid Making Stereotypical Assumptions Social Work Essay

Importance Of Avoid Making Stereotypical Assumptions Social Work Essay Stereotype reflects the perception one has of other individuals based on their different physical abilities, emotional appearance, religious, cultural disposition, sexual orientation or ethnicity without knowing anything personal about that person and these views are often connected to experiences, observations or other influences such as the media. I will first outline below some of the reasons why it is important to avoid making assumptions based on stereotypes when providing care for someone and then later on show how individual care workers can guard against doing this. Making assumptions, based on stereotypes, when providing care for someone can have a negative effect on the quality of care, as illustrated in the case of Mhà  iri who suffered from a stroke and needed a wheelchair but opted instead for personal care at home. The care manager, Stuart, who did the assessment could have found out about her sexual preference had he not assumed because she was married that her relationship with partner Gillian was heterosexual. This would have allowed more sensitivity to be shown by the carers when attending to her personal needs. The stereotypical assumption that disabled people cannot communicate would have the consequence of them not being listened to properly and this would deny them the right to appropriate services and having a voice. This would impact on their individuality and personal needs, thereby affecting the quality of care being provided. As one participant wheelchair user pointed out in Its like when you go to the hospital or the doctors, if you go with anybody because youre in a wheelchair they dont address you, they look over you and that really infuriates me. This underscores the need to speak directly with the service users rather than making assumptions that they are helpless or not capable of discussing their caring needs. Showing narrow-mindedness because an assumption is made based on stereotype, is being prejudice and this was highlighted in Gypsy Travellers report about prejudice within the health care service. It can prevent Gypsies from gaining access to appropriate medical services such as the barrier presented by a receptionist the receptionist are harder to get past à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ I think theyre doing the doctor a favour à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ I did something good today, I kept the Gypsies away. Another stereotypical assumption illustrated in is that people with mental health problems are prone to violence such was the case of Simon Jackson. However, he was just reaching out for help and often misunderstood, as he was suspicious of any authority figure. Making stereotypical assumptions can prevent people receiving appropriate care and if a carer has a prejudicial view it could further complicate the matter and deter users from accessing the services. For example, as given in, a disabled lesbian fel t that she was seen as somehow unnatural or abnormal. However, when these beliefs are carried through, it becomes discrimination. An example of this provided in K101 Block 3 Unit 10 where council estate residents were seen as failures and not interested in academic success. In providing care for someone in a local community, care workers should recognise and value diversity, that is, people are different and should be treated differently but fairly to avoid inequality and discrimination. Therefore, it should not be assumed that providing personal care for an Asian female would be the same or similar to that for a white European female. Care workers need to be culturally sensitive and take into account the differences in peoples lifestyles and family relationships. As in people with speech impediments are sometimes stereotyped as being deaf and are often shouted at when communicating and this should not be indicative of all people with such a disability. When providing care for someone with this disability, a carer needs to be more informed about that persons capabilities before engaging to avoid any communication barriers or leaving that person feeling demoralised. It may sometimes be necessary to use stereotypes and make assumptions as it can act as a guide to help in decision-making, such as when organizing a social event for older people in a care home as this could be the target audience and provide the opportunity to cater to their specific needs. Individual care workers can guard against making assumptions based on stereotypes by being more tolerant and make every effort to understand that person better. The care worker should find out what help a disabled person needs instead of assuming what they think they need based on previous experiences or observations. It is important for care workers to avoid being condescending when disabled people are accompanied by their cares but should communicate directly with the disabled persons. If the care worker is not able to understand someone with a hearing impairment, they could ask the person to tell them how they prefer to communicate and not pretend to have understood them when they have not or they could become familiar with that persons method of communication and find ways of keeping that communication going with aids such as Mankaton or other similar sign language. It is essential to identify that there are different religious, cultural and other particular needs of people, ther efore care workers should also see service users as individuals and tailor care according to their individual preferences so that appropriate services can be provided. Care workers need to develop a knowledge and understanding of how the law affecting disability and discrimination as the Disability Discrimination Act 1995 protects disabled people and does not only apply to people who have a physical disability, visual or hearing impairment but can also cover people with learning disabilities. In addition, they should also be familiar with the Race Relations Act 1976, as it is unlawful to discriminate against a person on ground of race, colour, ethnic origin or nationality. An example of this was demonstrated in with an account given by Roz, a white nurse when a patients wife made loud racist remarks that she thought it was disgusting that her husband should be in a bay with three black men on their own which offended the men. Roz did not collude with this racist view by changing the ir bays but instead left the men to sort it out amongst themselves, after gaining their views. In conclusion, an assumption based on stereotypes when providing care for someone should be avoided as it could be construed as being prejudicial or discriminatory and is likely to have a negative Impact on the service user. Individual care workers can guard against doing this by recognising the diverse global village we live in and be respectful of other peoples cultural, religious beliefs and ethnicity as well as any government legislation relating to disability and discrimination. Word count: 1113

cliques :: essays research papers

The purpose of my speech is to persuade that schools do not do enough to prevent harassment of other students. I.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the movies you always see the big jock shoving the little dorky kid into a locker or pushing his head into a toilet. This doesn’t just happen in the movies, it can be a reality. A.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  From recent statistics shown, 1 out of 4 kids have been or are being bullied, yet 1 out of 5 kids have said they have been a bully to someone. 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It’s hard to believe but 100,000 students carry a gun to school. I think that’s so disappointing for today’s youth that they have to carry a gun to feel safe. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It’s not always students getting bullied; teachers are also assaulted, robbed, and etc. B.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  People who are bullies know right away who to pick on. 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  They are usually kids with not many friends also known as loners. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Many people who are handicapped, mentally or physically are chosen to be harassed. C.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Teenage girls belonging to cliques can be very cruel if your appearance isn’t as stylish or trendy as they see fit. The girls will use insults, gossiping, rejection, or even spreading rumors. 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The self-esteem of the victims declines decreasingly low, making them think they are inferior. II.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ronald Stephens, from the National School Safety Center says, â€Å"A lot of administrators don’t want a paper trail, it’s a fear of litigation and a reluctance to look bad.† A.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Some schools just ignore the fact that bullying is going on in the school. B.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Many parents have taken legal action because of the administrators who have done nothing about their harassment issues. III.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In Export Pennsylvania, Christina, a 7th grader was riding the bus home from school when two girls tried to light her hair on fire. A.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The school officials were contacted by Christina’s mother who reported the attack, yet the girls continued to harass Christina and her classmate Jessica. 1. They would shove and hit the girls in the halls, while the school still refused to do anything about the situation. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The advice Christina and Jessica got from their Vice Principal was to keep a low profile until the bullies moved on to someone new. 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I think the Vice Principal has underestimated the magnititude of the situation. B.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It didn’t stop there though. The two girls had to be sent home because the school said they couldn’t guarantee their safety. 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The school board eventually got the girls a school aide to escort them to their classes.

Brave New World Conformity Essay

In Aldous Huxley’s novel Brave New World, Huxley creates a futuristic world governed by conformity and submission to society. Citizens of this World State are conditioned to follow a set lifestyle determined at birth in order to create a stable civilization. However, there is still some form of individuality in each person, specifically in the characters Bernard, Lenina, and Linda. Within each of these characters, their difference in personality does not fit the norms of society, and they therefore try to suppress their own traits with unique methods such as soma. In times of sadness and despair, Bernard, Lenina, and Linda each give up a part of their own individuality and ideology, sticking to the conventions of the World State society which consequently adds to their struggle of trying to fit in with the rest of the world. Looking at Bernard, his physical appearance sets him apart from being a normal Alpha: â€Å"Bernard’s physique was hardly better than that of the average Gamma† (64). Along with his physical appearance, Bernard also has the capability to think differently than most citizens of the World State, apparent on his date with Lenina when he comments about the sea: â€Å"It makes me feel as though . . as though I were more of me . . . Not just a cell in the social body† (90). However, despite his different physical and personality traits, he doesn’t exercise his differences that would challenge the World State. For example, he strives to want to be like Helmholtz, â€Å"wishing . . . that he could have as many girls as Helmholtz did,† instead of embracing himself for who he is; Bernard continually falls into conformity and tries to follow an order than is not compatible with whom he is. Instead of exploring and questioning the world around him, he takes soma as his form of suppression to try to solve his problems of fitting into society. When Bernard gets humiliated in front of the Arch-Community Songster, he chooses to take soma which only delays his problem further and makes his condition worst: â€Å"The intoxication of success had evaporated; he was soberly his old self . . . the old self seemed unprecedentedly heavier than the surrounding atmosphere† (178). By setting aside his personal traits, he becomes another conformist to the conventions of World State. Similarly, Lenina possesses mental characteristics that do not fit into the World State. Lenina tends to be in a relationship with only one guy, rather than going out with many guys as conditioned by the World State. Once John comes to visit the World State, Lenina immediately falls in love with him and can not stop thinking about him, displaying human emotions that citizens should not have in the World State. Her human emotions are apparent during the evening when she waits for John to come out for the Arch-Community Songster: â€Å". . . she sat in a corner, cut off from those who surrounded her by an emotion which they did not share . . . † (173). From her personality, Lenina is fit for a love that involves emotion and connection, but Lenina decides to abide by her society and chooses to have a love surrounding by blind sex and no feelings. Through this decision, she conforms to the norm, actively contributing to the conditions of her society opposite of her true self. She goes further to take soma after John does not show up for Bernard’s presentation, which, similar to Bernard’s soma fix, only prolongs her problem: â€Å"But in the intervals I still like him. I shall always like him† (188). Through her usage of soma, she follows the methods of the World State, throwing away her individuality and causing herself more distress and conflict with her love affairs. Finally, Linda has unique characteristics due to her life spent in the Savage Reservation and giving birth to her son John. Linda, despite being conditioned to be horrified at the idea of having a baby, still loves her son John. This is apparent when John talks about his childhood experiences with Bernard, describing the time Linda was beating up John: â€Å"He opened his eyes again and saw that she was looking at him. He tried to smile at her. Suddenly she put her arms round him and kisses him again and again† (127). Since Linda has an emotional attachment to John, she has a personality different from the other citizens of the World State Society. However, despite the motherly connection that she could have continued with John, she chooses to sell her life to the drug soma. When Lenina lays dying in the hospital with John next to her, she unconsciously chooses her life of sex and soma she used to have over John: â€Å"She knew him for John, her son, but fancied him an intruder into that paradisal Malpais where she had been spending her soma-holiday with Pope† (205). In the very end, Linda suppresses her emotional love for John with soma and goes back to the principles and pleasantries of the World State Society. Bernard, Lenina, and Linda all have unique characteristics that set them apart from the regular citizens of the World State Society. However, all three of them have unknowingly fallen into the conformities of the state’s maladaptive rules, preferably choosing to emanate the state’s values that do not fit their own characteristics. The World State’s guidelines and regulations pull all the citizens of the World State, including Bernard, Lenina, and Linda, into one lifestyle of living through a domino effect of conformity: the more people that conform, the more harder it is to resist the urge to conform with them. Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World shows the devastating effects of conformity – a force that strips away your individual potential and identity.

Biography of Calvin Coolidge, the 13th US President

Biography of Calvin Coolidge, the 13th US President Calvin Coolidge was the 30th President of the United States. He is often described as unusually quiet, though he was known for his dry sense of humor. Coolidge was a small-government Republican who was popular among conservative middle-class voters. Calvin Coolidges Childhood and Education Coolidge was born on July 4, 1872, in Plymouth, Vermont. His father was a storekeeper and local public official. Coolidge attended a local school before enrolling in 1886 at the Black River Academy in Ludlow, Vermont. He studied at Amherst College from 1891-95. He then studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1897. Family Ties Coolidge was born to John Calvin Coolidge, a farmer and storekeeper, and Victoria Josephine Moor. His father  was a justice of the peace and actually delivered  the oath of office to his son when he won the presidency. His mother died when Coolidge was 12. He had one sister named  Abigail Gratia Coolidge. Sadly, she died at age 15. On October 5, 1905, Coolidge married  Grace Anna Goodhue. She was well educated and ended up getting a degree from the Clarke School for the Deaf in Massachusetts where she taught elementary aged children until her marriage. Together she and Coolidge had two sons:  John Coolidge and Calvin Coolidge, Jr. Calvin Coolidges Career Before the Presidency Coolidge practiced law and became an active Republican in Massachusetts. He began his political career on the Northampton City Council (1899-1900). From 1907-08, he was a member of the Massachusetts General Court. He then became Mayor of Northampton in 1910. In 1912, he was elected to be a Massachusetts State Senator. From 1916-18, he was the Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts and, in 1919, he won the Governors seat. He then ran with Warren Harding to become Vice President in 1921. Becoming the President Coolidge succeeded to the presidency on August 3, 1923, when Harding died from a heart attack. In 1924, Coolidge was nominated to run for president by the Republicans with Charles Dawes as his running mate. Coolidge ran against Democrat John Davis and Progressive Robert M. LaFollette. In the end, Coolidge won with 54% of the popular vote and 382 out of 531 electoral votes. Events and Accomplishments of Calvin Coolidge’s Presidency Coolidge governed during a relative calm and peaceful period between the two world wars. Nevertheless, his conservative beliefs helped make significant changes to immigration laws and taxes. The Immigration Act of 1924 reduced the number of immigrants allowed into the U.S. so that only 150,000 total individuals were allowed in each year. The law favored immigrants from Northern Europe over Southern Europeans and Jews; Japanese immigrants were not allowed in at all.In 1924 and 1926, taxes were cut that had been imposed during  World War I. The money that individuals were able to keep and spend helped contribute to the speculation that eventually would lead to  the fall of the stock market  and contribute to the  Great Depression.​In 1924, the Veterans Bonus passed through Congress despite Coolidges veto. It provided veterans with insurance redeemable in twenty years.In 1927-28, Congress tried to pass farm relief bills allowing the government to buy crops to support farm prices. Coolidge vetoed this bill twice, believing that government had no place in setting price floors and ceilings.In 1928, the Kellogg-Briand Pact was created among fifteen countries who agreed that war was not a viable method for settling international disputes. It was created by Secretary of State Frank Kellogg and French Foreign Minister Aristide Briand. Post-Presidential Period Coolidge chose not to run for a second term in office. He retired to Northampton, Massachusetts and wrote his autobiography; he died on January 5, 1933, of a coronary thrombosis. Historical Significance Coolidge was president during the interim period between the two world wars. During this time, the economic situation in America seemed to be one of prosperity. However, the foundation was being laid for what would become the Great Depression. The era was also one of increased isolationism after the close of World War I.

Documentary Research

Documentary Research Introduction Documentary research is a type of academic research that employs the use of source materials such as documents and texts for studying a specific research topic. Source materials used in this form of research may include newspapers, census results, story books, government publications, diaries, videos, works of art certificates visual and photographic items done on paper and so on.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Documentary Research specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Documentary research is the most commonly used type of research document amongst the three major social research methods (Scott 1990). Literature review on the other hand refers to a given body of secondary text of an existing document. These documents can either be published or unpublished documents meant to review important points of knowledge needed to carry out comprehensive findings to a given research topic. It gives an general idea of both theory and methodology of a specific research topic (Hart 2001). Discussion Documentary research process employs the use of conceptualizing methods in document review and use. It involves the use of ether qualitative or quantitative research analysis skills, or it may sometimes employ the use of both techniques to study a specific research topic. Documentary research process in research academic work helps to support the researchers referencing skills. The information used in documentary research can be either primary or secondary, and involves the use of external sources to defend the debate of a given research academic work. Payne (2004, pg. 222) defines the documentary research as a research technique used to group, explore, deduce and find out the weaknesses of physical sources, frequently written materials both in private and public sectors (Payne 2004, pg. 222). To achieve a good documentary research paper, there should be a clear structure of ideas relating to the to pic of study with the proper use of key words to ease the search. Documentary research comes prior to the literature review and hence, proper time management is a priority in carrying out this study. Literature review, on the other hand, usually comes after a research proposal and its deliverables. It involves the analysis of originally obtained information to review the acquired information and the significance of this information to the research topic. It achieves the purpose of updating the reader with the current reviews on a particular research topic and builds groundwork for future research studies in the same research area.Advertising Looking for assessment on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It also aids the researcher in highlighting areas of further research, which opens up the researcher’s scope for further studies (Grix 2000, pg 228). Literature review involves critique argument in that i t debates for or against the research topic. This argument helps to confirm or rule out arguments improving the entire quality of the study. It also highlights vital issues of past literature and how the literature relates with the current topic of study. The writing must involve the use of a logical flow of ideas, updated references relevant to the research topic and a consistent use of reference style. Conclusion In concluding, the fundamental requirement when writing either a documentary research or a literature review is the quality and relevance of the paper in connection to the research topic. These research approaches needs a keen consideration of research standards when carrying out a research on a particular research topic. It is necessary when carrying out research to be aware that, there are many unrecognized sources of information in the web. These unrecognized sources of information pose a great danger in both documentary research and literature review writing. The rele vance and value of these web documents must pass through a proper assessment before applying them in writing documentary research or literature review. The assessment can undergo four basic factors such as authenticity, material representativeness, paper credibility and meaning. References Grix, J. (2001). Demystifying Postgraduate Research, 3rd ed. Birmingham: University of Birmingham University Press Hart, C. (2001). A Comprehensive Guide for the Social Sciences, London: SageAdvertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Documentary Research specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Payne, G., Payne, J. (2004). Key Concepts in Social Research, London: Sage Publications Scott, J. (1990). A Matter of Record, Documentary Sources in Social Research, Cambridge: Polity Press

Analysis of Identity Theft Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Analysis of Identity Theft - Essay Example You can even find that while you have your information secure, another honest person who you send it to in good faith is vulnerable to ID hijackers. i1The criminal, a convicted felon, not only incurred more than $100,000 of credit card debt, obtained a federal home loan, and bought homes, motorcycles, and handguns in the victims name, but called his victim to taunt him -- saying that he could continue to pose as the victim for as long as he wanted because identity theft was not a federal crime at that time -- before filing for bankruptcy, also in the victims name. Though involving elements of embezzlement, blackmail, deception, and intimidation the ii Congress used the events as a basis for establishing ‘Identity Theft’ as a felony in its own right in 1989. ID Theft has a language of its own. iii‘Dumpster Diving’ - ransacking litter bins and landfill sites to secure discarded sensitive documentation. shoulder Surfing’ – Watching people (sometimes through binoculars) as they use phone cards or pin number machines. Combating ID fraud is a growth industry. Financial institutions use advisory bodies to warn people how to protect themselves, and what to do if they have become victims. websites offer practical advice. Many homes now have shredders to enable ID bearing literature to be destroyed so that Dumpster Divers cannot intercept it. Many people only learn that they are victims when they receive bills indicating large debts, which they have not personally authorized. When they query this with any credit agencies involved, they may find that they are personally expected to settle the debts run up in their name. As ScamBusters.Org observe: vii companies who made the loans often assume that you are the one who actually incurred the debt, and is trying to beat them out of their money. They can be very aggressive in their collection tactics.  Ã‚  

SCIENCE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

SCIENCE - Essay Example A parachute falls towards earth because of two major factors, which are weight (mass) of the parachute and the speed with which it falls towards the earth. Now, the question arises, how weight and speed affect the falling of a parachute towards the ground. Our investigation is based on the hypothesis: â€Å"weight of a parachute and its speed affect its falling towards the earth†. Now, there are many factors that contribute towards the weight and speed of a parachute while it is falling, which are gravity and air pressure. Gravity is a factor that attracts everything towards the centre of earth. That is the same factor, which helps us to walk and stick to ground. Everything in air falls towards the ground because of gravity. The force of gravity is such that every free falling body accelerates with an acceleration of 9.8m/s2 (Walsh 1985). At this acceleration, the body takes much lesser time to hit ground. Therefore, when parachute is dropped, it falls towards the ground. We know that: The weight of a body depends on its mass and gravity, as these are the factors that allot a body with some weight. The weight of a falling parachute is calculated with the help of its gravity and mass (the space, which it occupies). It shows that weight of a parachute affects its falling towards the ground. Now as we know that a falling parachute not shows a free fall as in free fall, acceleration increases by 9.8m/s2, which is a very fast acceleration (Walsh 1985). The body having this acceleration also has a great velocity. If the parachute having this great velocity and acceleration falls, then it will smash itself after hitting ground (White 1968). Instead, in general, parachute never shows a free fall. Then what are the factors that slow the velocity of a parachute down. Air resistance is a factor that maintains the velocity of a parachute. As we know, air is a mixture of gases. These gases are